Contact allergies to dental materials
Contact allergies to dental materials
复制标题
对牙科材料的接触性过敏
DOI：
10.61872/sdj-2019-07-08-555
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Remmerbach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Olms;M. Yahiaoui;T. Remmerbach
缺乏关于牙科材料过敏的流行病学数据。例如，在最近出版的第五次德国口腔健康研究（DMS V）中，没有提供任何常见过敏或对牙科材料过敏的信息。因此，本观察性研究的目的是确定对牙科材料过敏的频率和症状。莱比锡牙科修复和材料科学系自2012年以来系统收集了临床患者数据，并整合了口腔粘膜过敏和材料不相容性的公共咨询时间。在专门设计的数据表中详细记录了客观粘膜结果和患者投诉。本研究纳入了86例有接触性过敏口腔症状的受试者（83.7%女性和16.3%男性）。平均年龄为63岁（24-86岁）。最常见的过敏原是金属，其中镍和钴是最常见的过敏原。此外，许多过敏症都是对化妆品和复合材料的成分过敏。对含甲基丙烯酸酯的义齿树脂中的成分过敏排在第5位。52.4%的患者出现粘膜改变。接触性口腔炎（54.5%）和口腔苔藓样病变（20.5%）是最常见的诊断。86%的患者报告了主观投诉。大多数报告口腔疼痛和烧灼感。适当的牙齿过敏史，口腔粘膜变化的口腔临床检查，特定义齿的分析，以及心因性疾病的筛查是必要的，以澄清这些症状的起源。
There is a lack of epidemiological data on allergies to dental materials. For example, in the recently published fifth German Oral Health Study (DMS V), no information was given on any common allergies or allergies to dental materials. The aim of the present observational study was therefore to determine the frequencies and symptoms of allergies to dental materials. A public consultation hour for allergies of the oral mucosa and material incompatibilities has been integrated in the Department of Dental Prosthodontics and Materials Science in Leipzig, where clinical patient data have systematically been collected since 2012. The objective mucosal findings and the patients’ complaints are documented in detail in a specifically designed data sheet. This study included 86 subjects (83.7% women and 16.3% men) with oral symptoms of a contact allergy. The average age was 63 years (24–86). The most common allergies were to metals, of which nickel and cobalt were the most common allergens. Furthermore, many allergies were indicated to ingredients of cosmetics and composites. Allergies to components in methacrylate-containing denture resins came in at rank 5. 52.4% of the patients showed mucosal changes. Contact stomatitis (54.5%) and an oral lichenoid lesion (20.5%) were most frequently diagnosed. 86% of the patients reported subjective complaints. Pain and burning sensations in the mouth were mostly reported. Appropriate dental allergy history, clinical examination of the oral cavity for changes in the oral mucosa, analysis of specific dentures, and screening for psychogenic disorders are necessary to clarify the origin of these symptoms.