Fleet Sizing for Flexible Carsharing Systems
Fleet Sizing for Flexible Carsharing Systems
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DOI：
10.3141/2416-01
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
J. Barrios;Jean Doig Godier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Barrios;Jean Doig Godier
在过去的10到15年里，汽车共享作为一种绿色交通方式引起了人们的极大关注，它可以减少人们对汽车的依赖，促进城市地区更智能、更健康的出行方式选择。尽管增长迅速，融资力度也很大，但共享汽车仍然是一个利基产品，收益可量化，但相对较小。一种新型的汽车共享服务试图通过消除传统服务的一些不便，比如必须提前预订和必须将车归还到同一地点，来扩大其覆盖范围，也许还能带来好处。灵活的汽车共享，由戴姆勒公司的car2go项目在2008年底首创，也带来了传统汽车共享所没有的后勤问题：由于需求的随机性，车辆的空间分布往往是不规则的。车辆再分配可以定期进行（例如，在一天结束时）或连续进行，可以用来改善这个问题。本文利用基于智能体的灵活汽车共享系统模型，探讨了车队规模与租赁车辆再分配商之间的权衡，以满足需求水平的最大化为目标。给出了代表城市规模和需求密度的生产函数。最后，将仿真结果与car2go在德克萨斯州奥斯汀市运营的实际数据进行了比较。对比表明，仿真结果与实测的奥斯汀单向拼车性能较为接近。
In the past 10 to 15 years, carsharing has attracted significant attention as a green transportation alternative that can reduce car dependence and promote smarter, healthier mode choice in urban areas. Despite rapid growth and aggressive funding, carsharing remains a niche product with quantifiable but relatively small benefits. A new type of carsharing seeks to expand its reach, and perhaps its benefits, by eliminating some of the inconveniences of traditional services, such as having to book in advance and having to return the car to the same location. Flexible carsharing, pioneered by Daimler's car2go program in late 2008, also introduces a logistical problem not present in traditional carsharing: the spatial distribution of vehicles tends to be irregular because of the randomness of demand. Vehicle redistribution, which can be done periodically (e.g., at the end of the day) or continuously, can be used to ameliorate this problem. By using an agent-based model of a flexible carsharing system, this research explores the trade-offs between fleet size and hired vehicle redistributors, with the objective of maximizing the demand level that can be satisfactorily served. Production functions for representative city sizes and demand densities are presented. Finally, the results of the simulation are compared with actual data from car2go's Austin, Texas, operation. The comparison shows that the simulation results are reasonably close to the measured performance of one-way carsharing in Austin.