Non-compliance with COVID-19-related public health measures among young adults in Switzerland: Insights from a longitudinal cohort study
Non-compliance with COVID-19-related public health measures among young adults in Switzerland: Insights from a longitudinal cohort study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113370
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Eisner, Manuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nivette, Amy;Ribeaud, Denis;Eisner, Manuel
基本原理：青少年和年轻人在国际上被确定为对旨在遏制2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）传播的公共卫生措施的依从率可能较低的群体。虽然流行病期间的不依从性研究通常集中在并发相关性上，但对先前的社会和心理风险因素如何与流行病期间的不依从性相关知之甚少。目的：本文利用前瞻性纵向队列研究的数据，在大流行之前和期间，描述了不遵守COVID的模式，19个相关的公共卫生措施，在年轻的成年人，并确定哪些特点增加了风险的非conformation.Methods：数据来自一个正在进行的队列研究在苏黎世，瑞士（n=737）。在22岁时测量了不遵守公共卫生措施和并发相关因素。在15-20岁时测量了先前的社会人口学、社会和心理因素。年轻人普遍遵守COVID-19公共卫生措施，尽管不遵守某些措施（例如，清洁/消毒移动的电话，站在1.5-2米的距离）是相对较高的。结果：不遵守，特别是与苯并三氮唑相关的措施，是更普遍的男性，并在个人与高等教育，较高的社会经济地位，和非移民背景。在“反社会潜力”指标上得分较高的年轻人中，不遵守规定的情况更高，这些指标包括对道德规则的接受度低、流行前的法律的愤世嫉俗、羞耻感/内疚感低、自我控制力低、参与犯罪行为以及与犯罪同龄人交往。结论：为了增加对COVID-19措施的自愿遵守，公共卫生运动应实施促进道德义务和对当局信任的策略，或利用社区中值得信赖的个人来传播信息。对于自控力低的年轻人，自我监控、环境重组或轻推可能会增加依从性。对有反社会潜力的青年融入社会进行长期投资，可能会减少违规行为，包括在流行病期间，遵守规则可以挽救生命。
Rationale: Adolescents and young adults were identified internationally as a group with potentially low compliance rates with public health measures aimed at curbing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although non-compliance research during pandemics has typically focused on concurrent correlates, less is known about how prior social and psychological risk factors are associated with non-compliance during pandemics.Objective: This paper leverages a prospective-longitudinal cohort study with data before and during the pandemic to describe patterns of non-compliance with COVID-19 related public health measures in young adults and to identify which characteristics increase the risk of non-compliance.Methods: Data came from an ongoing cohort study in Zurich, Switzerland (n=737). Non-compliance with public health measures and concurrent correlates were measured at age 22. Antecedent sociodemographic, social, and psychological factors were measured at ages 15-20. Young adults generally complied with COVID-19 public health measures, although non-compliance with some measures (e.g., cleaning/disinfecting mobile phones, standing 1.5-2 meters apart) was relatively higher.Results: Non-compliance, especially with hygiene-related measures, was more prevalent in males, and in individuals with higher education, higher SES, and a nonmigrant background. Non-compliance was higher in young adults who had previously scored high on indicators of "antisocial potential," including low acceptance of moral rules, pre-pandemic legal cynicism, low shame/guilt, low self-control, engagement in delinquent behaviors, and association with delinquent peers. Young adults with low trust, including in the government's measures for fighting the virus, also complied less.Conclusions: In order to increase voluntary compliance with COVID-19 measures, public health campaigns should implement strategies that foster moral obligation and trust in authorities, or leverage trustworthy individuals in the community to disseminate information. For young adults with low self-control, self-monitoring, environmental restructuring, or nudging may increase compliance. Long-term investments into integrating youth with antisocial potential into society may decrease rule-breaking behaviors, including during pandemics when compliance saves lives.