Keratin finction in skin epithelia: a broadening palette with surprising shades
Keratin finction in skin epithelia: a broadening palette with surprising shades
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2006.12.007
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Coulombe, Pierre A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, Li-Hong;Coulombe, Pierre A.
角蛋白是中间丝(IF)蛋白的最大亚群，在上皮细胞的细胞质中形成由I型/II型异源二聚体构建的10-12 nm微丝的动态网络。角蛋白IF的一个主要功能是保护上皮细胞免受机械和非机械应力的影响，这些压力会导致细胞破裂和死亡。对这一作用的干扰是大量遗传性上皮脆性疾病的根本原因。本质上非机械性的附加功能以一种依赖于特定角蛋白和上皮环境的方式表现出来。最近发现的影响角蛋白蛋白的不寻常突变揭示了其机械支持功能的一个新维度，并与小鼠遗传学协同作用，揭示了在皮肤色素沉着中的作用。其他研究扩展了角蛋白蛋白在调节对促凋亡信号的反应中的作用，并揭示了它们在面临生长挑战的上皮细胞中调节蛋白质合成和细胞大小的能力。
Keratins make up the largest subgroup of intermediate filament (IF) proteins and form a dynamic network of 10-12 nm filaments, built from type I/type II heterodimers, in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. A major function of keratin IFs is to protect epithelial cells from mechanical and non-mechanical stresses that cause cell rupture and death. Interference with this role is the root cause of a large number of inherited epithelial fragility conditions. Additional functions, nonmechanical in nature, are manifested in a way that depends on the specific keratin and on the epithelial context. The recent discovery of unusual mutations affecting keratin proteins has uncovered a novel dimension of their mechanical support function, and has synergized with mouse genetics to reveal a role in skin pigmentation. Other studies extended the role of keratin proteins in regulating the response to pro-apoptotic signals, and revealed their ability to modulate protein synthesis and cell size in epithelial cells challenged to grow.