Nitrogen excretion in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio): a role for Rh proteins and urea transporters
Nitrogen excretion in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio): a role for Rh proteins and urea transporters
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.90656.2008
复制
发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Perry, S. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun, M. H.;Steele, S. L.;Perry, S. F.
Braun MH，Steele SL，Ekker M，佩里SF.发育中斑马鱼的氮排泄：Rh蛋白和尿素转运蛋白的作用。美国肾脏生理学杂志296：F994-F1005，2009年。首次发表于2009年3月11日; doi：10.1152/ajprenal.90656.2008。注射反义寡核苷酸morpholinos引发选择性基因敲低氨（Rhag，Rhbg，和Rhcg 1）或尿素转运蛋白（UT）被用来作为一种工具，以评估每个转运蛋白的相对重要性，氮排泄在发展中的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）。UT的敲除导致尿素排泄减少类似于90%，而每个Rh蛋白敲除导致氨排泄减少类似于50%。与先前对成鱼的假设相反，每种Rh蛋白似乎对总氨排泄具有类似的作用，因此都需要促进斑马鱼幼虫的正常氨排泄。正如在其他硬骨鱼，斑马鱼胚胎利用尿素在更大程度上比成人和有效的排尿，直到孵化。在这一点上，氨排泄迅速增加，似乎是由Rhag，Rhbg和Rhcg 1的mRNA表达大幅增加引发的。与成年河豚的情况不同（35），各种转运蛋白并不特异性地定位于发育中的斑马鱼的鳃，但每种蛋白质在皮肤、鳃和卵黄囊上沿着都有独特的表达模式。这种不同的表达模式似乎排除了斑马鱼胚胎中Rh蛋白之间的相互作用。然而，这可能是鳃成熟延迟的一个发育特征，因为随着胚胎成熟，鳃内和周围转运蛋白的表达增加。
Braun MH, Steele SL, Ekker M, Perry SF. Nitrogen excretion in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio): a role for Rh proteins and urea transporters. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 296: F994-F1005, 2009. First published March 11, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90656.2008.-Injection of antisense oligonucleotide morpholinos to elicit selective gene knockdown of ammonia (Rhag, Rhbg, and Rhcg1) or urea transporters (UT) was used as a tool to assess the relative importance of each transporter to nitrogen excretion in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio). Knockdown of UT caused urea excretion to decrease by similar to 90%, whereas each of the Rh protein knockdowns resulted in an similar to 50% reduction in ammonia excretion. Contrary to what has been hypothesized previously for adult fish, each of the Rh proteins appeared to have a similar effect on total ammonia excretion, and thus all are required to facilitate normal ammonia excretion in the zebrafish larva. As demonstrated in other teleosts, zebrafish embryos utilized urea to a much greater extent than adults and were effectively ureotelic until hatching. At that point, ammonia excretion rapidly increased and appeared to be triggered by a large increase in the mRNA expression of Rhag, Rhbg, and Rhcg1. Unlike the situation in the adult pufferfish (35), the various transporters are not specifically localized to the gills of the developing zebrafish, but each protein has a unique expression pattern along the skin, gills, and yolk sac. This disparate pattern of expression would appear to preclude interaction between the Rh proteins in zebrafish embryos. However, this may be a developmental feature of the delayed maturation of the gills, because as the embryos matured, expression of the transporters in and around the gills increased.