Reliability of self-reported neighborhood characteristics
Reliability of self-reported neighborhood characteristics
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DOI：
10.1093/jurban/jth151
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Link, BG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Echeverria, SE;Diez-Roux, AV;Link, BG
大多数调查社区环境与健康之间关系的研究都使用基于人口普查的指标来描述社区的特征。这些研究表明，社区社会经济特征与一系列健康结果有关。要确定这些关联是否反映了因果关系，就需要检验关于社区的特定特征如何与特定健康结果相关的假设。然而，关于邻里测量的可靠性的信息很少。本研究的目的是评估问卷的可靠性，测量各种自我报告的邻里环境可能与心血管疾病相关的测量。该研究包括两次面对面和电话采访，48名参与者在两周的时间内进行。面对面访谈和电话访谈的平均时间分别为5分钟和11分钟。调查问卷主要是在纽约市一家公立医院招募的拉丁裔和非裔美国人的研究样本中进行的。量表用于评估六个社区领域：审美质量、步行运动环境、犯罪安全、暴力、获得健康食品和社会凝聚力。克朗巴赫的alpha值从。77 . to。与这些领域相对应的量表为94，重测相关性为0.78至0.91。此外，还考察了康乐设施的存在、康乐设施的质量、邻里参与和邻里问题的邻里指标。这些指标的重测信度从0.73到0.91不等。本研究的结果表明，自我报告的邻里特征可以可靠地测量。
The majority of studies examining the relation between neighborhood environments and health have used census-based indicators to characterize neighborhoods. These studies have shown that neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are associated with a range of health outcomes. Establishing if these associations reflect causal relations requires testing hypotheses regarding how specific features of neighborhoods are related to specific health outcomes. However, there is little information on the reliability of neighborhood measures. The purpose of this study was to estimate the reliability of a questionnaire measuring various self-reported measures of the neighborhood environment of possible relevance to cardiovascular disease. The study consisted of a face-to-face and telephone interview administered twice to 48 participants over a 2-week period. The face-to-face and telephone portions of the interview lasted an average of S and 11 minutes, respectively. The questionnaire was piloted among a largely Latino and African American study sample recruited from a public hospital setting in New York City. Scales were used to assess six neighborhood domains: aesthetic quality, walking exercise environment, safety from crime, violence, access to healthy foods, and social cohesion. Cronbach's alpha's ranged from .77 to .94 for the scales corresponding to these domains, with test-retest correlations ranging from 0.78 to 0.91. In addition, neighborbood indices for presence of recreational facilities, quality of recreational facilities, neighborhood participation, and neighborhood problems were examined. Test-retest reliability measures for these indices ranged from 0.73 to 0.91. The results from this study suggested that self-reported neighborhood characteristics can be reliably measured.