Why does the gaze of others direct visual attention?
Why does the gaze of others direct visual attention?
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DOI：
10.1080/13506280344000220
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bray, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Downing, PE;Dodds, CM;Bray, D
观察另一个人引导他或她的目光，可以使内隐视觉注意力自动转移到同一个方向。即使任务相关的目标更有可能出现在未提示的位置，这也是正确的。这些发现，连同其他证据，沿着被认为表明凝视代表了一种“特殊”刺激--社会认知系统的基础，可以对其他人的精神状态做出推断。然而，凝视驱动的线索效应可能仅仅是由于线索和目标之间的空间兼容性。我们比较了舌头向左或向右横向延伸时，凝视转移对面部的注意力影响。当舌头的方向是一个非预测性的线索，我们发现从舌头的提示效果是无法区分的凝视。然而，与以前的研究结果与凝视，舌头线索并没有克服有效性操纵中的目标是四倍更有可能出现在uncued位置。我们的结论是，简单的注意力提示凝视的影响可能会更好地解释空间兼容性，更复杂，独特的功能提示凝视可能是更好的指标到专门的社会认知知觉系统。
Viewing another person directing his or her gaze can produce automatic shifts of covert visual attention in the same direction. This holds true even when the task-relevant target is much more likely to occur at the uncued location. These findings, along with other evidence, have been taken to suggest that gaze represents a "special" stimulus--the foundation of a social cognition system that can make inferences about the mental states of other people. However, gaze-driven cueing effects could simply be due to spatial compatibility between cue and target. We compared the attentional effects of gaze shifts to a face with the tongue extended laterally to the left or right. When tongue direction was a nonpredictive cue, we found cueing effects from tongues that were indistinguishable from those produced by gaze. However, in contrast to previous findings with gaze, tongue cues did not overcome a validity manipulation in which targets were four times more likely to appear at the uncued location. We conclude that simple attentional cueing effects from gaze may be better explained by spatial compatibility, and that more complex, unique features of cueing from gaze may be better indices into perceptual systems specialized for social cognition.