Origin and use of the 100 cigarette criterion in tobacco surveys
Origin and use of the 100 cigarette criterion in tobacco surveys
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2008.027276
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Diemert, L. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bondy, S. J.;Victor, J. C.;Diemert, L. M.
烟草控制监测方面可能永远不会有真正的全球标准和定义。对吸烟状况的不同定义的一个不同之处在于，一生吸100支烟是否是一直和目前吸烟的必要标准。关于这一措施的常见问题表明，需要了解其发展情况和在不同情况下的适当性。本评注试图收集关于这项措施的起源和通过的资料，并对其有用性提出一些批判性的评论。这个问题可以追溯到20世纪50年代中期加拿大和美国的死亡率队列研究。从那时起，它已经传播到许多环境中不一致的使用。据我们所知，它最初（或后来）并没有被经验地定义为与健康后果或未来吸烟风险相关的暴露阈值。然而，几十年来的轶事证据表明，这个问题在自我报告数据收集中具有实用价值。这是一种有用的筛查方法，虽然有些武断，但它可以筛查成年人中“从不经常”使用烟草的情况，因为从不吸烟需要在数据收集中加以定义。使用该标准可能会在一定程度上降低患病率估计值。在创建时间趋势或国际比较时，必须始终考虑定义。在某些情况下，不适合将不符合这一标准的个人排除在进一步的数据收集或报告之外。对于青少年的研究，该标准通常只应与实验的更详细信息一起使用，但它可能是确定吸烟的有用的附加指标。
Truly global standards and definitions will likely never exist for tobacco control surveillance. One difference across definitions of smoking status is whether or not a lifetime consumption of 100 cigarettes is a necessary criterion for ever and current smoking. Frequently asked questions about this measure demonstrate a need for information on its development and appropriateness in different settings. This commentary attempts to assemble information on the origin and adoption of this measure and provide some critical commentary on its usefulness.The question has been traced to Canadian and American mortality cohort studies from the mid-1950s. From there it has spread to inconsistent use in many settings. To our knowledge, it was not originally (or since) empirically defined as a threshold of exposure related to health consequences or future smoking risk when used in youth. Anecdotal evidence over several decades, however, shows the question has pragmatic utility in self-report data collection. It is a useful, if somewhat arbitrary, screener for "never regular'' tobacco use among adults, where never smoking needs to be defined in data collection. Use of the criterion may lower prevalence estimates somewhat. Definitions must always be considered when creating time-trends or international comparisons.There are also circumstances where it is inappropriate to exclude individuals who do not meet this criterion from further data collection, or reports. For research in youth, the criterion typically should be used only with more detailed information about experimentation, but it may be a useful additional indicator of established smoking.