A Review of Experiments and Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow in Electrical Submersible Pumps
A Review of Experiments and Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow in Electrical Submersible Pumps
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DOI：
10.3390/en11010180
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发表时间：
2018-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jianjun Zhu;Hong-quan Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianjun Zhu;Hong-quan Zhang
电潜泵（ESP）是石油开采中应用第二广泛的人工举升方式（产量第一），它通过将动能转化为烃类流体的液压来维持或增加流量。为了促进其最佳工作条件，ESP必须在狭窄的应用窗口内运行。气侵、产油量变化、原油粘度高等问题严重阻碍了电潜泵增压。以往的实验研究表明，气体的存在会导致电除尘器的水头下降。在含气条件下，电除尘器内部的流动行为，如压力波动和气穴，进一步恶化了电除尘器的升压能力。因此，重要的是要知道什么参数控制旋转ESP内部的气液流动结构以及如何对其进行建模。本文综述了影响气液两相流条件下电除尘器性能的主要因素。此外，还讨论了预测潜油电泵压力增量的经验模型和机理模型。阐述了基于计算流体动力学（CFD）的旋转电除尘器内多相流研究的建模方法。本文综述了电除尘器气液两相流动机理模型和数值模型中的闭合关系，为进一步建立更精确的电除尘器气液两相流动模型提供了参考。
As the second most widely used artificial lift method in petroleum production (and first in produced amount), electrical submersible pump (ESP) maintains or increases flow rate by converting kinetic energy to hydraulic pressure of hydrocarbon fluids. To facilitate its optimal working conditions, an ESP has to be operated within a narrow application window. Issues like gas involvement, changing production rate and high oil viscosity, greatly impede ESP boosting pressure. Previous experimental studies showed that the presence of gas would cause ESP hydraulic head degradation. The flow behaviors inside ESPs under gassy conditions, such as pressure surging and gas pockets, further deteriorate ESP pressure boosting ability. Therefore, it is important to know what parameters govern the gas-liquid flow structure inside a rotating ESP and how it can be modeled. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the key factors that affect ESP performance under gassy flow conditions. Furthermore, the empirical and mechanistic models for predicting ESP pressure increment are discussed. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based modeling approach for studying the multiphase flow in a rotating ESP is explained as well. The closure relationships that are critical to both mechanistic and numerical models are reviewed, which are helpful for further development of more accurate models for predicting ESP gas-liquid flow behaviors.