Developmental Trajectories of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms from Early to Middle Childhood: a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Netherlands
Developmental Trajectories of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms from Early to Middle Childhood: a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Netherlands
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-019-00550-5
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Legerstee, Jeroen S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
de Lijster, Jasmijn M.;van den Dries, Michiel A.;Legerstee, Jeroen S.
儿童早期焦虑和抑郁症状的发展模式此前已被认为与儿童中期的焦虑和情绪障碍有关。在当前的研究中，焦虑和抑郁症状的轨迹（1.5-10 岁）与儿童 10 岁时更广泛的社会心理和学校相关功能有关。我们纳入了 7499 名儿童的人口样本，这些儿童的主要照顾者在儿童行为检查表上报告了 1.5、3、6 和 10 岁的焦虑和抑郁症状。增长混合模型确定了四种不同的、性别不变的焦虑和抑郁症状轨迹：低 (82.4%)、增加 (7.4%)、减少 (6.0%) 和 6 岁之前症状增加，然后减少到 10 岁（仅限学前班，4.2%）。非荷兰裔儿童处于递增轨迹的几率较低，而处于递减轨迹和学前限制轨迹的几率较高。此外，母亲受教育程度较低也预示着学前教育的下降和有限的轨迹。与低轨迹相比，母亲和父亲在怀孕期间较高水平的精神病理学预测了增加、减少和学前限制的轨迹。 10岁时，处于增长和学前限制轨迹的儿童的社会心理结果（友谊质量和自尊）下降，与学校相关的结果（学校表现和学校问题）更差。这项研究通过证明儿童早期焦虑和抑郁症状的发展模式与儿童中期更广泛的负面结果相关，补充了现有知识。儿童和家庭因素可以指导监测一般人群的焦虑和抑郁症状，并为预防计划提供目标。
Developmental patterns of anxiety and depression symptoms in early childhood have previously been related to anxiety and mood disorders in middle childhood. In the current study, trajectories of anxiety and depression symptoms (1.5-10 years) were related to children's broader psychosocial and school-related functioning at 10 years. We included a population-based sample of 7499 children, for whom primary caregivers reported anxiety and depression symptoms on the Child Behavior Checklist, at children's ages of 1.5, 3, 6, and 10. Growth Mixture Modeling identified four distinct, gender-invariant, trajectories of anxiety and depression symptoms: low (82.4%), increasing (7.4%), decreasing (6.0%), and increasing symptoms up to age 6 followed by a decrease to age 10 (preschool-limited, 4.2%). Children with a non-Dutch ethnicity had lower odds to be in the increasing trajectory and higher odds to be in the decreasing and pre-school limited trajectory. Also, low maternal education predicted the decreasing and pre-school limited trajectory. Higher levels of psychopathology during pregnancy for both mothers and fathers predicted the increasing, decreasing, and preschool-limited trajectory, compared to the low trajectory. At age 10, children in the increasing and preschool-limited trajectory had diminished psychosocial outcomes (friendship-quality and self-esteem) and worse school-related outcomes (school performance and school problems). This study adds to current knowledge by demonstrating that developmental patterns of anxiety and depression symptoms in early childhood are related to broader negative outcomes in middle childhood. Child and family factors could guide monitoring of anxiety and depression symptoms in the general population and provide targets for prevention programs.