Thirteen-Year Trends in Child and Adolescent Fundamental Movement Skills: 1997-2010
Thirteen-Year Trends in Child and Adolescent Fundamental Movement Skills: 1997-2010
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e318295a9fc
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Okely, Anthony D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hardy, Louise L.;Barnett, Lisa;Okely, Anthony D.
目的：本研究的目的是描述13年来儿童基本运动技能（FMS）能力的趋势。研究方法：在1997年，2004年和2010年（n = 13，752名9-15岁的儿童）进行了代表性，横断面，澳大利亚校本调查的二次分析。五FMS（短跑，垂直跳，抓，踢，和过臂扔）进行了评估，在每次调查和儿童的技能分类为主管或不主管的过程为导向的标准。协变量包括性别、年龄、心肺耐力（20米往返跑试验）、体重指数（kg.m（-2））和社会经济地位（居住地邮政编码）。结果：在每次调查中，儿童的FMS能力都很低，患病率很少超过50%。1997年至2004年期间，所有学生在短跑、纵跳和接球方面的能力都有显著提高。对于男孩来说，能力增加了踢（小学）和过臂投掷（高中），但在高中女生，过臂投掷能力下降。在2004年至2010年期间，所有学生的接球能力都有所提高，所有女孩的踢腿能力都有所提高，而垂直跳跃能力则有所下降。结论：总体而言，学生的FMS能力较低，尤其是女生的踢腿和过肩摔。在2004年，观察到的FMS能力的提高归因于实践和政策的变化，以支持在学校教授FMS。2010年，能力仍然很低，只有接球（所有）和踢球（女孩）有所提高，垂直跳跃有所下降。潜在地，FMS方案的当前交付需要在学校课程中更强有力的定位。改善儿童身体活动的策略应考虑确保儿童被教导FMS到能力水平，享受身体活动。
Purpose: The objective of this study is to describe 13-yr trends in children's fundamental movement skill (FMS) competency. Methods: Secondary analysis of representative, cross-sectional, Australian school-based surveys was conducted in 1997, 2004, and 2010 (n = 13,752 children age 9-15 yr). Five FMS (sprint run, vertical jump, catch, kick, and overarm throw) were assessed using process-oriented criteria at each survey and children's skills classified as competent or not competent. Covariates included sex, age, cardiorespiratory endurance (20-m shuttle run test), body mass index (kg.m(-2)), and socioeconomic status (residential postcode). Results: At each survey, the children's FMS competency was low, with prevalence rarely above 50%. Between 1997 and 2004, there were significant increases in all students' competency in the sprint run, vertical jump, and catch. For boys, competency increased in the kick (primary) and the overarm throw (high school), but among high school girls, overarm throw competency decreased. Between 2004 and 2010, competency increased in the catch (all students), and in all girls, competency increased in the kick, whereas competency in the vertical jump decreased. Conclusions: Overall, students' FMS competency was low especially in the kick and overarm throw in girls. The observed increase in FMS competency in 2004 was attributed to changes in practice and policy to support the teaching of FMS in schools. In 2010, competency remained low, with improvements in only the catch (all) and kick (girls) and declines in vertical jump. Potentially, the current delivery of FMS programs requires stronger positioning within the school curriculum. Strategies to improve children's physical activity should consider ensuring children are taught FMS to competency level, to enjoy being physically active.