Smoking, physiological arousal, and emotional response.
Smoking, physiological arousal, and emotional response.
复制标题
吸烟、生理唤醒和情绪反应。
DOI：
10.1037/h0034256
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发表时间：
1973
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
P. Nesbitt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Nesbitt
吸烟的生理和心理影响似乎是相互矛盾的。当吸烟者吸烟时，他们的生理觉醒水平会上升，同时他们表示自己会更平静、更放松。相比之下，当天真的学生被诱导出更高的生理唤醒水平时，他们的行为和报告自己更情绪化。为了探讨这种情况下，情绪反应（疼痛耐受性）的措施，而30名吸烟者和30名不吸烟的男性大学生吸烟或模拟吸烟与未点燃的香烟。使用2种不同尼古丁含量的香烟，并通过条件期间脉搏率的变化来测量S对3种条件中的每一种的生理反应。情绪反应通过在实验期间多次进行的”感觉状态”问卷进行评估。数据表明，对于吸烟者和非吸烟者，吸烟比模拟吸烟产生更多的生理唤醒，高尼古丁香烟比低尼古丁香烟产生更多的生理唤醒。仅对吸烟者来说，这些唤醒差异伴随着情绪反应的差异。吸烟者在吸烟时比在模拟吸烟时情绪更少，高尼古丁香烟比低尼古丁香烟更少。此外，那些在不同条件下脉搏率变化最大的吸烟者也表现出最大的情绪反应变化。结果表明，生理唤醒是重要的吸烟经验丰富的吸烟者的情绪影响，但在一个方向上的直觉预期。(15参考文献）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
The physiological and psychological effects of smoking a cigarette are seemingly in contradiction to each other. When smokers smoke, their level of physiological arousal goes up, while they report themselves calmer and more relaxed. In contrast, when a heightened physiological arousal level is induced in naive Ss, they behave and report themselves as more emotional. To explore this situation, a measure of emotional response (pain tolerance) was obtained while 30 smoker and 30 nonsmoker male college students smoked a cigarette or simulated smoking with an unlit cigarette. 2 cigarettes of different nicotine content were used, and S's physiological response to each of the 3 conditions was measured by change in pulse rate during the condition. Emotional responses were assessed by a" feeling state" questionnaire administered several times during the experiment. The data indicate that, for both smokers and nonsmokers, smoking produced more physiological arousal than simulated smoking, and the high-nicotine cigarette produced more physiological arousal than the low-nicotine cigarette. For smokers only, these arousal differences were accompanied by differences in emotional response. Smokers were less emotional when smoking than when simulating smoking, and with the high-nicotine cigarette than with the low-nicotine cigarette. Furthermore, those smokers who showed the largest changes in pulse rate between conditions also showed the largest changes in emotional response. Results imply that physiological arousal is important for the emotional effects of smoking for experienced smokers, but in a direction counter to intuitive expectations.(15 ref.)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)