The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey - IX. The interstellar medium seen through diffuse interstellar bands and neutral sodium
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey - IX. The interstellar medium seen through diffuse interstellar bands and neutral sodium
复制标题
VLT-FLAMES 狼蛛调查 - IX。
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201220210
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
N. Walborn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. V. Loon;M. Bailey;B. Tatton;J. M. Apellániz;P. Crowther;A. D. Koter;C. Evans;V. Hénault;I. Howarth;Philipp Richter;H. Sana;S. Simón;W. Taylor;N. Walborn
上下文。狼蛛星云(又名30 DOR)是大麦哲伦星云中一个壮观的恒星形成区域，透过银盘和晕中的气体可以看到。漫射星际带(DIB)提供了一个独特的探测器，可以探测到这些地区弥漫的冷暖气体。目标。其目的是使用DIBS作为星际局部条件的诊断，同时得出这些神秘光谱特征的未知载体的性质。方法：研究方法。对800多颗来自甚大望远镜火焰狼蛛调查(VFTS)的早期恒星的光谱进行了分析。分别为4428和6614A的DIBS和中心星系团R 136附近的较小区域的中性钠(Na I D双线)的银河和LMC吸收创建了地图；我们还测量了5780和5797A的DIBS。地图显示，在30 DOR以南的静止云复合体中有很强的4428A和6614A的吸收，但在北部(气泡)和OB协会附近的恶劣环境中吸收很弱。Na图显示了至少五个运动学成分在大湄公河和围绕R 136的壳状结构，以及银河系中的小尺度结构。4428、5780、5797和6614A DIBS的强度与钠的吸收和视力消光有关。在较低的Na柱密度下已经存在较强的4428A Dib，但在随后较大的Na柱密度下开始可检测到6614、5780和5797A dib。结论。4428、6614、5780和5797A DIBS的载体越来越容易从辐照气体中去除。5780和5797A双星的相对强度清楚地证实了蜘蛛星云和银河系高纬度气体代表着恶劣的辐射环境。4428A DIB的弹性表明它的载体很大，紧凑和中性。在LMC的1到>；100pC和太阳附近的0.01pC之间的尺度上的冷暖气体的分布中检测到了结构。来自中心星系团R 136的恒星风创造了一个不断膨胀的壳层；也检测到了一些流入的气体，这让人想起银河系的“喷泉”。
Context. The Tarantula Nebula (a.k.a. 30 Dor) is a spectacular star-forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), seen through gas in the Galactic disc and halo. Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) offer a unique probe of the diffuse, cool-warm gas in these regions. Aims. The aim is to use DIBs as diagnostics of the local interstellar conditions, whilst at the same time deriving properties of the yet-unknown carriers of these enigmatic spectral features. Methods. Spectra of over 800 early-type stars from the Very Large Telescope Flames Tarantula Survey (VFTS) were analysed. Maps were created, separately, for the Galactic and LMC absorption in the DIBs at 4428 and 6614 A and - in a smaller region near the central cluster R 136 - neutral sodium (the Na i D doublet); we also measured the DIBs at 5780 and 5797 A. Results. The maps show strong 4428 and 6614 A DIBs in the quiescent cloud complex to the south of 30 Dor but weak absorption in the harsher environments to the north (bubbles) and near the OB associations. The Na maps show at least five kinematic components in the LMC and a shell-like structure surrounding R 136, and small-scale structure in the Milky Way. The strengths of the 4428, 5780, 5797 and 6614 A DIBs are correlated, also with Na absorption and visual extinction. The strong 4428 A DIB is present already at low Na column density but the 6614, 5780 and 5797 A DIBs start to be detectable at subsequently larger Na column densities. Conclusions. The carriers of the 4428, 6614, 5780 and 5797 A DIBs are increasingly prone to removal from irradiated gas. The relative strength of the 5780 and 5797 A DIBs clearly confirm the Tarantula Nebula as well as Galactic high-latitude gas to represent a harsh radiation environment. The resilience of the 4428 A DIB suggests its carrier is large, compact and neutral. Structure is detected in the distribution of cool-warm gas on scales between one and >100 pc in the LMC and as little as 0.01 pc in the Sun’s vicinity. Stellar winds from the central cluster R 136 have created an expanding shell; some infalling gas is also detected, reminiscent of a galactic "fountain".
DOI：
10.1088/0004-6256/136/3/919
发表时间：
2005-06
期刊：
The Astronomical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Meixner;K. Gordon;R. Indebetouw;J. Hora;B. Whitney;R. Blum;W. Reach;J. Bernard;M. Meade;B. Babler;C. Engelbracht;B. For;K. Misselt;U. Vijh;C. Leitherer;M. Cohen;E. Churchwell;F. Boulanger;J. Frogel;Y. Fukui;J. Gallagher;V. Gorjian;J. Harris;D. Kelly;A. Kawamura;Soyoung Kim;W. Latter;S. Madden;Ciska Markwick-Kemper;A. Mizuno;N. Mizuno;J. Mould;A. Nota;M. Oey;K. Olsen;T. Onishi;R. Paladini;N. Panagia;P. Pérez-González;H. Shibai;Sato Shuji;Linda J. Smith;L. Staveley-Smith;A. Tielens;T. Ueta;S. V. Dyk;K. Volk;M. Werner;D. Zaritsky
通讯作者：
M. Meixner;K. Gordon;R. Indebetouw;J. Hora;B. Whitney;R. Blum;W. Reach;J. Bernard;M. Meade;B. Babler;C. Engelbracht;B. For;K. Misselt;U. Vijh;C. Leitherer;M. Cohen;E. Churchwell;F. Boulanger;J. Frogel;Y. Fukui;J. Gallagher;V. Gorjian;J. Harris;D. Kelly;A. Kawamura;Soyoung Kim;W. Latter;S. Madden;Ciska Markwick-Kemper;A. Mizuno;N. Mizuno;J. Mould;A. Nota;M. Oey;K. Olsen;T. Onishi;R. Paladini;N. Panagia;P. Pérez-González;H. Shibai;Sato Shuji;Linda J. Smith;L. Staveley-Smith;A. Tielens;T. Ueta;S. V. Dyk;K. Volk;M. Werner;D. Zaritsky