To deform or not to deform: the evolutionary basis of mammalian red blood cell deformability.
To deform or not to deform: the evolutionary basis of mammalian red blood cell deformability.
复制标题
变形或不变形：哺乳动物红细胞变形能力的进化基础。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2021.07.028
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tutwiler,Valerie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tutwiler,Valerie
红细胞（RBC）是高度可变形的细胞，其在生理和病理环境中经历剧烈的形状变化。在循环中，红细胞从其天然的双凹面形状变形为子弹状形状以适合通过毛细血管。在保持恒定表面积的同时发生这种形状变化的事实是向身体输送氧气的基础。红细胞的变形能力由细胞骨架、脂质双层膜和细胞质粘度的组成决定（1）。在这一期的《生物物理学杂志》中，黑尔等人研究了细胞骨架蛋白血影蛋白在决定膜特性和允许有效组织氧合方面的进化（2）。在结构上，红细胞由a-和b-血影蛋白的三角形网络组成，该网络通过一系列蛋白质与脂质双层相连。由于血影蛋白网络的固有张力，RBC保持其双凹形状（3）。由于ab二聚体的缔合，Spectrin形成四聚体。血影蛋白有两种亚型，红细胞亚型（I）和非红细胞亚型（II）（4）。已知aII-bII四聚体比它们的
Red blood cells (RBCs) are highly deformable cells that undergo dramatic shape changes in both physiological and pathological settings. While in circulation, RBCs deform from their native biconcave shape into a bulletlike shape to fit through the capillaries. The fact that this shape change occurs while maintaining a constant surface area is fundamental for the delivery of oxygen to the body. The deformability of RBCs is determined by the composition of the cytoskeleton, the lipid bilayer membrane, and the viscosity of the cytoplasm (1). In this issue of the Biophysical Journal, Hale et al. examine the evolution of the cytoskeletal protein, spectrin, in determining membrane properties and allowing for effective tissue oxygenation (2).Structurally, RBCs are made up of a triangular network of a-and b-spectrin that is tethered to the lipid bilayer by a series of proteins. RBCs maintain their biconcave shape because of the inherent tension of the spectrin network (3). Spectrin forms tetramers due to the association of ab dimers. There are two isoforms of spectrin, the erythroid isoform (I) and the nonerythroid isoform (II)(4). It is known that the aII-bII tetramers are more stable than their