LAYERS: A Decision-Support Tool to Illustrate and Assess the Supply and Value Chain for the Energy Transition
LAYERS: A Decision-Support Tool to Illustrate and Assess the Supply and Value Chain for the Energy Transition
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/su14127120
复制
发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
O. Heidrich;A. Ford;R. J. Dawson;David A. C. Manning;E. Mohareb;M. Raugei;J. Baars;M. Rajaeifar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Heidrich;A. Ford;R. J. Dawson;David A. C. Manning;E. Mohareb;M. Raugei;J. Baars;M. Rajaeifar
气候变化缓解战略是在国际、国家和地方各级制定的。可再生能源(RE)和电动汽车(EV)等技术解决方案在地理上对原材料产生了广泛的连锁反应。本文提出了一个名为“层”的决策支持和数据可视化工具，它应用物质流分析来说明碳技术供应链上的复杂联系。一个案例研究的重点是电动汽车所需的锂离子电池(LIB)所需的钴。它将采矿和制造业的真实商业数据与英国实际的电动汽车注册情况联系起来，以可视化钴需求的预期和意外后果。Layers集成了地理信息系统(GIS)体系结构、数据库方案以及整个系列的存储过程和函数。通过基于地理信息系统的3D可视化，Layers传达了对全球原材料(从储量到采矿、精炼、制造和使用)位置的清晰了解。这向决策者突显了对一系列原材料日益增长的地缘政治影响，而这些原材料是实现长期碳减排目标所必需的。
Climate change mitigation strategies are developed at international, national, and local authority levels. Technological solutions such as renewable energies (RE) and electric vehicles (EV) have geographically widespread knock-on effects on raw materials. In this paper, a decision-support and data-visualization tool named “LAYERS” is presented, which applies a material flow analysis to illustrate the complex connections along supply chains for carbon technologies. A case study focuses on cobalt for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) required for EVs. It relates real business data from mining and manufacturing to actual EV registrations in the UK to visualize the intended and unintended consequences of the demand for cobalt. LAYERS integrates a geographic information systems (GIS) architecture, database scheme, and whole series of stored procedures and functions. By means of a 3D visualization based on GIS, LAYERS conveys a clear understanding of the location of raw materials (from reserves, to mining, refining, manufacturing, and use) across the globe. This highlights to decision makers the often hidden but far-reaching geo-political implications of the growing demands for a range of raw materials that are needed to meet long-term carbon-reduction targets.