Overexpression of Two Members of D7 Salivary Genes Family is Associated with Pyrethroid Resistance in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Funestus s.s. but Not in Anopheles Gambiae in Cameroon
Overexpression of Two Members of D7 Salivary Genes Family is Associated with Pyrethroid Resistance in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Funestus s.s. but Not in Anopheles Gambiae in Cameroon
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DOI：
10.3390/genes10030211
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发表时间：
2019-03-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wondji, Charles S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elanga-Ndille, Emmanuel;Nouage, Lynda;Wondji, Charles S.
D 7家族蛋白是蚊子中表达最多的唾液蛋白之一。它们通过清除引起血管收缩、血小板聚集和疼痛的宿主胺来促进蚊子的血餐摄入。尽管这一重要的作用，很少有信息是可用的杀虫剂抗性的D 7蛋白的调节，从而对吸血成功的影响。在这项研究中，进行实时定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析，以研究拟除虫菊酯抗性如何影响冈比亚按蚊和不死按蚊s.s. D 7家族蛋白编码基因的表达。来自喀麦隆中部埃隆的蚊子。在收集的328只蚊子中，有256只被鉴定为An。funestus sl和64作为An.冈比亚湾在安。funestus group、安.富内斯图斯公司以An. rivulorum，溪生隐翅虫An. parensis和An.还检测到类似rivulorum。全安。gambiae s.1蚊被鉴定为按蚊。冈比亚。高水平的拟除虫菊酯抗性，观察到在这两个An。冈比亚和安。funestus蚊子RT-qPCR分析显示，在拟除虫菊酯抗性An中，编码D 7蛋白的两个基因D 7 r3和D 7 r4显著过表达。funestus。然而，没有观察到这些基因的多态性和它们的过度表达之间的关联。相反，总体D 7唾液基因在拟除虫菊酯抗性的An中低表达。冈比亚。本研究提供了拟除虫菊酯抗性可能通过D 7蛋白的过表达影响血粉摄入的初步证据，尽管未来的研究将有助于确定对媒介能力的潜在影响。
D7 family proteins are among the most expressed salivary proteins in mosquitoes. They facilitate blood meal intake of the mosquito by scavenging host amines that induce vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation and pain. Despite this important role, little information is available on the impact of insecticide resistance on the regulation of D7 proteins and consequently on the blood feeding success. In this study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were performed to investigate how pyrethroid resistance could influence the expression of genes encoding D7 family proteins in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus s.s. mosquitoes from Elon in the Central Cameroon. Out of 328 collected mosquitoes, 256 were identified as An. funestus sl and 64 as An. gambiae sl. Within the An. funestus group, An. funestus s.s. was the most abundant species (95.95%) with An. rivulorum, An. parensis and An. rivulorum-like also detected. All An. gambiae s.l mosquitoes were identified as An. gambiae. High levels of pyrethroid resistance were observed in both An. gambiae and An. funestus mosquitoes. RT-qPCR analyses revealed a significant overexpression of two genes encoding D7 proteins, D7r3 and D7r4, in pyrethroids resistant An. funestus. However, no association was observed between the polymorphism of these genes and their overexpression. In contrast, overall D7 salivary genes were under-expressed in pyrethroid resistant An. gambiae. This study provides preliminary evidences that pyrethroid resistance could influence blood meal intake through over-expression of D7 proteins although future studies will help establishing potential impact on vectorial capacity.