Cognitive substrates of thought disorder, II: Specifying a candidate cognitive mechanism
Cognitive substrates of thought disorder, II: Specifying a candidate cognitive mechanism
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DOI：
10.1176/ajp.155.12.1677
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Goldberg, TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aloia, MS;Gourovitch, ML;Goldberg, TE
目的：在本系列的第一部分中，作者发现语义知识和组织解释了一组慢性精神分裂症患者思维障碍的大部分差异。在目前的研究中，他们研究了语义系统中可能产生思维障碍的一种可能的认知机制。方法：20例慢性精神分裂症患者和21例正常对照组进行了评估启动（的能力，更快地响应刺激词时，它是由一个语义相关的词比当它是由一个无关的词之前）。将患者分为高水平（N=9）和低水平（N=11）思维障碍亚组。启动范式中的词对在其关联程度上有所不同，但共享一个类别成员。该范式涉及短刺激起始时间，以最大限度地提高自动处理和所需的发音的话，以尽量减少决策。所有受试者还进行了神经心理学测试，以评估语言，执行功能，现实世界的知识和精神状态。结果如下：对照组和轻度思维障碍组在三种不同的词汇联想热度下，都表现出了逐步启动的特征。与基线反应时相比，高思维障碍患者对高联想和中联想的反应均出现抑制。启动和认知变量之间的相关性显着只有语义处理的措施。引发异常与整体思维障碍的评级一致相关。结论：这些结果表明，在语义网络激活或促进的自动传播的畸变可能是一个候选人的思维障碍的语义帐户的认知机制。
Objective: In part I of this series, the authors found that semantic knowledge and organization accounted for most of the variance in thought disorder in a group of chronic schizophrenic patients. In the present study, they examined a possible cognitive mechanism within the semantic system that might produce thought disorder. Method: Twenty patients with chronic schizophrenia and 21 normal comparison subjects were assessed on priming (the ability to respond to a stimulus word more quickly when it is preceded by a semantically related word than when it is preceded by an unrelated word). The patients were divided into subgroups with high (N=9) and low (N=11) levels of thought disorder. The word pairs in the priming paradigm differed in their degree of association but shared a categorical membership. The paradigm involved short stimulus onset asynchronies to maximize automatic processing and required pronunciation of words to minimize decision making. All subjects were also administered neuropsychological tests to assess language, executive function, real-world knowledge, and mental status. Results: Comparison subjects showed appropriate priming in stepwise fashion at the three different fevers of word association, as did the patients with mild thought disorder. The patients with high thought disorder showed inhibited responses to high and medium associates compared with their baseline reaction times. Correlations between priming and cognitive variables were significant only with measures of semantic processing. Priming abnormalities were uniformly related to ratings of global thought disorder. Conclusions: These results suggest that aberrations in the automatic spread of activation or facilitation in semantic networks may be a candidate cognitive mechanism in semantic accounts of thought disorder.