Regional volumetric change of the tongue during mastication in pigs
Regional volumetric change of the tongue during mastication in pigs
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01862.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Green, J. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Z. J.;Yamamura, B.;Green, J. R.
舌的结构和运动已经得到了广泛的研究，但很少有人研究其三维变形和随之而来的体积变化在各种功能。本研究的目的是调查的体积变化的一个区域部分的舌头在喂养。使用4只12周龄的尤卡坦小型猪。在自然咀嚼和饮水，宽度，长度，厚度和体积的变化进行了测量，使用六个植入的超声波晶体，其中外切的楔形体积在该地区的舌体。下颌运动被录像并数字化。来自这两个来源的信号被同步以允许实时分析。在咀嚼、摄食和饮水中发现了显著的体积变化（P < 0.001），这些变化与有节奏的下颌运动有关。咀嚼时的体积变化不仅更有规律，而且显著大于摄食时的体积变化（45.6%，P < 0.001）。饮水时的体积变化规律性较差，变化幅度（30.4%）与摄食时接近。实时分析表明，体积开始增加，在晚关闭下颌，并在后期功率冲程达到峰值。容量增加持续时间仅占总咀嚼周期的33.4%，显著短于容量减少持续时间。相关分析显示，后背和腹侧宽度的变化与体积变化的方向有最大的正相关（r = 0.43）。协方差计算进一步表明，长度和厚度的尺寸变化与振幅的体积变化负相关。这些结果表明，区域体积变化的舌头发生在喂养和咀嚼需要更大的体积变化比摄取和饮水。体积膨胀发生在咀嚼期间的动力冲程阶段，并且与方向上的宽度的增加以及幅度上的厚度和长度的减小相耦合。结果进一步表明，区域体积扩张可能在其周围组织的功能负荷产生中起决定性作用，并且还可能暗示舌的神经肌肉控制是区域特异性的，这一概念与传统的舌肌肉功能分类方案不相容。
Structure and movement of the tongue have been studied extensively, but little study has been carried on its 3D deformation and ensuing volumetric changes during various functions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the volumetric changes of a regional section of the tongue during feeding. Four 12-week-old Yucatan miniature pigs were used. During natural mastication and water drinking, the width, length, thickness and volumetric changes were measured using six implanted ultrasonic crystals, which circumscribed a wedge-shaped volume in the region of the tongue body. Jaw movements were videotaped and digitized. Signals from these two sources were synchronized to allow real-time analyses. Significant volumetric changes (P < 0.001) were found in chewing, ingestion and drinking, and these changes were stereotypical in relation to rhythmic jaw movements. Volumetric change during chewing was not only more regular, but significantly larger (45.6%, P < 0.001) than that during ingestion (31.4%). The volumetric changes were less regular in drinking and the changing range (30.4%) was close to that during ingestion. Real-time analysis indicated that the volume began increasing at late jaw closing and reached the peak at late power stroke. The increase in duration of volume only took up 33.4% of the total chewing cycle length; significantly shorter than that of volume decrease. Correlation analysis revealed that the change in posterior dorsal and ventral widths had the greatest positive association with volumetric change (r = 0.43) in direction. The covariance calculations further indicated that dimensional changes in length and thickness coupled negatively with volumetric changes in amplitude. These results revealed that regional volumetric change of the tongue occurs during feeding and chewing requires larger volumetric changes than do ingestion and drinking. Volumetric expansion occurs in the phase of power stroke during chewing and is coupled with increases in widths in the direction and with decreases of thickness and length in the amplitude. The results further suggested that the regional volumetric expansion may play the determinant role in functional load production on its surrounding tissues, and may also imply that neuromuscular control of the tongue is region-specific, a notion incompatible with traditional scheme of categorizing muscle function in the tongue.