Melamine Toxicity and the Kidney
Melamine Toxicity and the Kidney
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DOI：
10.1681/asn.2008101065
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Li, Philip Kam-tao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hau, Anthony Kai-ching;Kwan, Tze Hoi;Li, Philip Kam-tao
三聚氰胺的毒性引起了医生的注意，因为最近中国接触了三聚氰胺污染的牛奶后发生了一系列肾脏损伤。三聚氰胺是一种有机含氮化合物，用于塑料、染料、化肥和纺织品的生产。在目前的事件中，三聚氰胺被添加到牛奶中，以提高错误的蛋白质含量检测结果。三聚氰胺的各种毒性作用，包括肾结石、慢性肾炎和膀胱癌，都已经在动物身上进行了研究。我们在这里回顾了关于三聚氰胺中毒在人类中唯一爆发的流行病学、临床特征和调查结果。我们还检查了三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸合成的副产品三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸的肾脏毒性，以及与暴露相关的风险因素，并就食物中的水平提供指导。
The toxicity of melamine caught the attention of physicians as a result of a recent spate of renal injury after exposure to melamine-tainted milk in China. Melamine is an organic nitrogenous compound used in the production of plastics, dyes, fertilizers, and fabrics. In the current incident, melamine was added to milk to elevate falsely assay results for protein content. A variety of toxic effects from melamine, including nephrolithiasis, chronic kidney inflammation, and bladder carcinoma, all have been studied in animals. We review here the epidemiology, clinical features, and investigative findings concerning the only outbreak of melamine poisoning in humans. We also examine the renal toxicities of melamine and cyanuric acid-a by-product of its synthesis-and the associated risk factors on exposure and provide guidance on levels in foods.