Differences in expression, affinity, and function of soluble (s)IL-4Rα and sIL-13Rα2 suggest opposite effects on allergic responses

Differences in expression, affinity, and function of soluble (s)IL-4Rα and sIL-13Rα2 suggest opposite effects on allergic responses
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.6429
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发表时间:
2007-11-15
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Finkelman, Fred D.
Finkelman, Fred D.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Khodoun, Marat;Lewis, Christina;Finkelman, Fred D.

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白细胞介素 - 4(IL - 4)和白细胞介素 - 13(IL - 13)各自都能与可溶受体(sRs)结合,从而阻断它们的活性。这两种可溶受体(可溶性白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基(sIL - 4Rα)和可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基(sIL - 13Rα2))在未受刺激小鼠的血清中以每毫升低纳克浓度存在,但亲和力和半衰期的差异表明其功能存在差异。血清中的白细胞介素 - 4/可溶性白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基复合物会迅速解离,释放出有活性的白细胞介素 - 4,而可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基和白细胞介素 - 13则形成一种稳定的复合物,其半衰期比未结合的白细胞介素 - 13、可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基、白细胞介素 - 4或可溶性白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基长得多。血清中大约25%的可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基与白细胞介素 - 13结合;在Th2反应过程中,这个百分比以及血清中可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基的绝对量会大幅增加。白细胞介素 - 4和白细胞介素 - 13都会上调可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基基因的表达;白细胞介素 - 4的作用完全依赖于白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基,而白细胞介素 - 13的作用部分不依赖于白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基。吸入白细胞介素 - 13/可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基复合物不会影响白细胞介素 - 13诱导基因的表达,但会增加两个基因(Vnn1和Pira - 1)的表达,这两个基因的产物会激活抗原提呈细胞(APCs)并促进中性粒细胞炎症。这些观察结果表明,可溶性白细胞介素 - 4受体α亚基主要维持、增强和扩散白细胞介素 - 4的作用,而可溶性白细胞介素 - 13受体α2亚基则将白细胞介素 - 13的直接作用限制在白细胞介素 - 13产生的部位,并与白细胞介素 - 13形成一种稳定的复合物,这种复合物可能会改变过敏性炎症反应的性质和强度。
IL-4 and IL-13 are each bound by soluble receptors (sRs) that block their activity. Both of these sRs (sIL-4R alpha and sIL-13R alpha 2) are present in low nanogram per milliliter concentrations in the serum from unstimulated mice, but differences in affinity and half-life suggest differences in function. Serum IL-4/sIL-4R alpha complexes rapidly dissociate, releasing active IL-4, whereas sIL13R alpha 2 and IL-13 form a stable complex that has a considerably longer half-life than uncomplexed IL-13, sIL-13R alpha 2, IL-4, or sIL-4R alpha. Approximately 25% of sIL-13R alpha 2 in serum is complexed to IL-13; this percentage and the absolute quantity of sIL13Ra2 in serum increase considerably during a Th2 response. sIL-13Ra2 gene expression is up-regulated by both IL-4 and IL-13; the effect of IL-4 is totally IL-4R alpha-dependent while the effect of IL-13 is partially IL-4R alpha-independent. Inhalation of an IL-13/sIL-13R alpha 2 complex does not affect the expression of IL-13-inducible genes but increases the expression of two genes, Vnn1 and Pira-1, whose products activate APCs and promote neutrophilic inflammation. These observations suggest that sIL-4R alpha predominantly sustains, increases, and diffuses the effects of IL-4, whereas sIL-13Ra2 limits the direct effects of IL-13 to the site of IL-13 production and forms a stable complex with IL-13 that may modify the quality and intensity of an allergic inflammatory response.