Chapter 15:Antimicrobial Polymers and Surfaces – Natural Mimics or Surpassing Nature?
Chapter 15:Antimicrobial Polymers and Surfaces – Natural Mimics or Surpassing Nature?
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第 15 章：抗菌聚合物和表面——模仿自然还是超越自然？
DOI：
10.1039/9781782626664-00490
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. C. Tiller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Krumm;J. C. Tiller
现代全球社会必须科普若干严重挑战。1996年在“千年项目”下对这些项目进行了总结。在这个项目中，指出了人类面临的15个不同的全球性挑战。这些任务被概括为简明的问题，如第8号：“如何减少新的和重新出现的疾病和免疫微生物的威胁？”本书的这一章涉及应对这一威胁的有希望的概念。自从亚历山大弗莱明发现第一种抗生素以来，病原体一直是开发新的、选择性的和有效的药物的焦点。这些药物针对人体细胞和病原体之间的结构和生物合成差异。杀生物剂和抗生素在一段时间内是非常有效的，但过度使用抗菌剂及其在环境中的稀释，加上它们的持续存在，导致对微生物的选择过程。1因此，某些致病菌株由于突变、重组和横向基因转移而具有耐药性。2
There are several serious challenges with which the modern global society has to cope. These were summarized in the year 1996 under the name ‘‘The Millennium Project’’. In this project, 15 different global challenges the humanity is facing were pointed out. These tasks were summarized in concise questions such as No. 8:‘‘How can the threat of new and reemerging diseases and immune micro-organisms be reduced?’’This chapter of the book deals with promising concepts for facing this threat. Pathogens have been the focus of the development of new, selective, and efficient drugs since Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic. These drugs aim at structural and biosynthetic differences between human cells and pathogens. Biocides and antibiotics were quite effective for a period of time, but the excessive use of antimicrobials and their dilution in the environment, in combination with their constant presence, result in a selection process on the microorganisms. 1 Therefore, certain pathogenic strains have become resistant due to mutations, recombination, and lateral gene transfer. 2