Exploring the representation of causality across languages: Integrating production, comprehension and conceptualization perspectives.
Exploring the representation of causality across languages: Integrating production, comprehension and conceptualization perspectives.
复制标题
探索跨语言因果关系的表示：整合生产、理解和概念化视角。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-34308-8_3
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
and Juergen Bohnemeyer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bellingham;Erika;Stephanie Evers;Kazuhiro Kawachi;Alice Mitchell;Sang-Hee Park;Anastasia Stepanova;and Juergen Bohnemeyer
我们借鉴跨语言因果关系项目（CAL；NSF 奖 BCS-1535846 和 BCS-1644657）的初步结果，提出了三项关于跨语言和文化因果关系表示的新研究。第一个是检查不同语言的使用者在叙述叙事中的因果链时所采用的策略。这些策略包括关于哪些子事件要具体表示、哪些子事件以未指定的方式表示以及哪些子事件留给非单调推论（例如会话含义）的决策输出。第二项研究针对使役结构的语义类型学。我们实现了一个多阶段设计协议，将生产数据的收集与来自大量发言者的理解数据的收集结合起来。根据八分制收集拟合优度判断。我们发现语言和因果关系领域（身体因果关系、心理因果关系、言语行为因果关系）有很强的主效应；相比之下，因果链中中间事件参与者的参与并没有产生显着的影响。第三项研究调查文化是否调节意向性对非语言责任归因的影响。线性混合效应回归模型表明意向性和人口之间存在显着的相互作用，这与社会心理学家之前的研究结果一致。这些研究首次大规模比较了不同语言的使用者如何对因果链进行分类以描述它们。
We present three new studies into the representation of causality across languages and cultures, drawing on preliminary findings of the projectCausality Across Languages(CAL; NSF Award BCS-1535846 and BCS-1644657). The first is an examination of the strategies that speakers of different languages employ when verbalizing causal chains in narratives. These strategies comprise the output of decisions concerning which subevents to represent specifically, which to represent in an underspecified manner, and which to leave to nonmonotonic inferences such as conversational implicatures. The second study targets the semantic typology of causative constructions. We implemented a multiphasic design protocol that combines the collection of production data with that of comprehension data from a larger number of speakers. Goodness-of-fit judgments were collected based on an eight-point scale. We found a strong main effect of language and of domain of causation (physical vs. psychological vs. speech act causation); in contrast, the involvement of an intermediate event participant in the causal chain did not exert a significant effect. The third study investigates whether culture modulates the effect of intentionality on nonverbal attributions of responsibility. A linear mixed effects regression model indicated a significant interaction between intentionality and population, in line with previous findings by social psychologists. These studies represent the first large-scale comparison of how speakers of different languages categorize causal chains for the purposes of describing them.