Age-related differences in concurrent-task performance of normal adults: evidence for a decline in processing resources.
Age-related differences in concurrent-task performance of normal adults: evidence for a decline in processing resources.
复制标题
正常成年人并发任务表现的年龄相关差异：处理资源下降的证据。
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.7.4.499
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
M. Hiscock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Crossley;M. Hiscock
采用并行任务范式研究了92名右撇子成人注意能力的年龄相关差异。研究人员比较了年轻、中年和老年受试者在同时进行默读、说话和迷宫完成时进行快速、非手动手指敲击的情况。每个认知任务有2个难度等级。从单任务到双任务，敲击率的下降随年龄的增长呈线性增加。困难的任务比简单的任务更能减缓并发任务的敲击，而困难的任务对老年人的并发表现有不成比例的破坏性影响。老年人对并发任务效应的脆弱性增加不能简单地归因于普遍减缓或特定资源的减少。相反，结果表明，随着年龄的增长，通用处理资源会减少。
A concurrent-task paradigm was used to investigate age-related differences in the attentional capacity of 92 right-handed adults. Young, middle-aged, and elderly Ss were compared as they performed speeded, unimanual finger tapping with and without concurrent silent reading, speaking, and maze completion. There were 2 levels of difficulty for each cognitive task. The decrement in tapping rate from the single- to dual-task condition increased linearly with age. Concurrent-task tapping was slowed more by difficult than by easy tasks, and difficult tasks had a disproportionately disruptive effect on the concurrent performance of elderly Ss. The heightened vulnerability of the elderly to concurrent-task effects cannot be attributed parsimoniously to either general slowing or diminution of a specific resource. Instead the results suggest a reduction in a general-purpose processing resource with increasing age.