Technical and economic feasibility of centralized facilities for solar hydrogen production via photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry
Technical and economic feasibility of centralized facilities for solar hydrogen production via photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry
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DOI：
10.1039/c3ee40831k
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Jaramillo, Thomas F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pinaud, Blaise A.;Benck, Jesse D.;Jaramillo, Thomas F.
光电化学分解水是一种很有前途的可再生氢燃料生产途径。这项工作提出了一个技术和经济可行性分析的结果进行了四个假设的，集中的，大规模的制氢工厂基于这种技术。考虑的四种反应器类型是单床颗粒悬浮系统、双床颗粒悬浮系统、固定面板阵列和跟踪集中器阵列。半导体吸收剂和电催化剂的电流性能被认为是计算合理的太阳能到氢的转换效率为四个系统中的每一个。美国能源部H2 A模型用于计算在工厂门口以300 psi对于10吨/天的生产规模的氢气输出的平准化成本。反应器和辅助设备（压缩机、控制系统等）的所有资本支出和运营成本被考虑过。最终成本从1.60 - 10.40美元/kg H-2不等，颗粒床系统的成本低于基于板的系统。然而，由于在单床系统中同时产生O-2和H-2以及在双床系统中长的分子传输长度而引起的安全问题导致它们的操作中的更大的不确定性。一项敏感性分析显示，提高基于电池板的系统的太阳能转化为氢气的效率可以大大降低其成本。一个关键的发现是，生产成本与能源部的目标阈值成本2.00 - 4.00美元每公斤H-2分配的氢是一致的，这表明光电化学水分解可能是一个可行的路线，在未来的氢生产，如果材料性能目标可以得到满足。
Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising route for the renewable production of hydrogen fuel. This work presents the results of a technical and economic feasibility analysis conducted for four hypothetical, centralized, large-scale hydrogen production plants based on this technology. The four reactor types considered were a single bed particle suspension system, a dual bed particle suspension system, a fixed panel array, and a tracking concentrator array. The current performance of semiconductor absorbers and electrocatalysts were considered to compute reasonable solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiencies for each of the four systems. The U.S. Department of Energy H2A model was employed to calculate the levelized cost of hydrogen output at the plant gate at 300 psi for a 10 tonne per day production scale. All capital expenditures and operating costs for the reactors and auxiliaries (compressors, control systems, etc.) were considered. The final cost varied from $1.60-$10.40 per kg H-2 with the particle bed systems having lower costs than the panel-based systems. However, safety concerns due to the cogeneration of O-2 and H-2 in a single bed system and long molecular transport lengths in the dual bed system lead to greater uncertainty in their operation. A sensitivity analysis revealed that improvement in the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of the panel-based systems could substantially drive down their costs. A key finding is that the production costs are consistent with the Department of Energy's targeted threshold cost of $2.00-$4.00 per kg H-2 for dispensed hydrogen, demonstrating that photoelectrochemical water splitting could be a viable route for hydrogen production in the future if material performance targets can be met.