The forests in the Canton of Zurich around 1823 - forest types and tree species.
The forests in the Canton of Zurich around 1823 - forest types and tree species.
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DOI：
10.3188/szf.2015.0024
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Burgi, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bader, M.;Gimmi, U.;Burgi, M.
本文以1823年以来的早期森林经营计划为基础，分析了19世纪初苏黎世州公共森林的森林经营实践和树种组成。重建了整个州的森林类型分布，并显示了该州西北部31个群落的详细树种组成。对于这些群落，我们将历史树种组成与区域森林清查的现代数据进行了比较。结果表明，在19世纪初，标准矮林是最重要的森林类型。树种组成在很大程度上取决于森林类型。在乔木林和乔木带标准林中，树种多样性最高。分析结果表明，树种组成与气候、地形、土壤等环境因子关系不明显。由此得出的结论是，在19世纪早期，管理对树木组成的影响已经超过了自然条件。在过去的200年里，苏黎世州的树种组成发生了深刻的变化。虽然今天的森林在物种组成方面更加自然，但它们的物种多样性却更少。因此，了解过去的树种组成可以帮助保育项目，例如建立矮林和矮林标准林，以促进稀有的需要光的植物和动物物种。
Based on early forest management plans from 1823, this paper analyses forest management practices and tree species composition in the public forests of the Canton of Zurich in the early 19th century. Forest type distribution across the canton is reconstructed and detailed tree species composition is shown for 31 communities in the north-western part of the canton. For these communities, we compared the historical tree species composition with modern data from a regional forest inventory. The results show that coppice with standards was the most important forest type in the early 19th century. Tree species composition largely depends on the forest types. The highest diversity in tree species can be found in coppice and coppice-with-standards forests. The analyses reveal no clear relationship between tree species composition and environmental factors such as climate, topography and soil. This leads to the conclusion that in the early 19th century already management had a stronger influence on tree composition than natural conditions. During the last 200 years, tree species composition in the Canton of Zurich changed profoundly. Whereas today's forests are more natural in terms of species composition, they are less diverse in species. Knowing the tree species composition in the past can thus be helpful in conservation projects, e.g. in establishing coppice and coppice-with-standards forests in order to promote rare light-demanding plant and animal species.