Ecological Assembly Processes Are Coordinated between Bacterial and Viral Communities in Fractured Shale Ecosystems
Ecological Assembly Processes Are Coordinated between Bacterial and Viral Communities in Fractured Shale Ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1128/msystems.00098-20
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Wilkins, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Danczak, R. E.;Daly, R. A.;Wilkins, M. J.
尽管已知病毒种群与其微生物宿主之间的相互作用，但对同时作用于病毒及其宿主并驱动群落组装的生态驱动因素知之甚少。水力压裂页岩环境提供了进入深层地下封闭生态系统的途径，在那里可以检查受约束的微生物和病毒群落组装过程。在这里，我们使用宏基因组分析的时间分辨产生的流体样品从两个威尔斯在阿巴拉契亚盆地跟踪病毒和宿主的动态，并调查社区组装过程。在这些生态系统中的高盐条件下，应驱动微生物群落结构，通过时间的相似配置，以应对常见的渗透胁迫。然而，病毒的捕食似乎抵消了这种潜在的强大的同质选择，并推动微生物群落向非主导组装。相比之下，虽然病毒群落也受到大量非支配过程的影响，但它的聚集在一定程度上是由于同质选择。当这两个社区的整体组装过程直接相互比较时，揭示了一个显着的关系，这表明尽管选择压力不同，微生物和病毒社区发展之间的关联。这些结果揭示了一个潜在的重要的生态动态平衡，必须在这个深地下生态系统内保持，以使微生物群落持续较长的时间。更广泛地说，这种关系开始提供跨trophic level.Importance病毒群落和它们的微生物宿主之间的相互作用的基础metacrobiity发展的知识已经在广泛的生态系统中的许多最近的研究的主题。然而，影响病毒和微生物群落的生态组装过程之间的协调程度，已经探索到一个小得多的程度。通过使用一个组合的零建模方法，这项研究调查了生态组装过程中影响的病毒和微生物群落结构的水力压裂页岩环境。在其他结果中，显着的结构化过程之间的关系，影响病毒和微生物群落进行了观察，表明生态组装可能会协调这些社区之间，尽管不同的选择压力。在这个深层地下生态系统中，这些结果揭示了一个潜在的重要的生态动态平衡，必须保持长期的微生物群落的持久性。更广泛地说，这种关系开始提供跨营养级的社区发展的见解。
The ecological drivers that concurrently act upon both a virus and its host and that drive community assembly are poorly understood despite known interactions between viral populations and their microbial hosts. Hydraulically fractured shale environments provide access to a closed ecosystem in the deep subsurface where constrained microbial and viral community assembly processes can be examined. Here, we used metagenomic analyses of time-resolved-produced fluid samples from two wells in the Appalachian Basin to track viral and host dynamics and to investigate community assembly processes. Hypersaline conditions within these ecosystems should drive microbial community structure to a similar configuration through time in response to common osmotic stress. However, viral predation appears to counterbalance this potentially strong homogeneous selection and pushes the microbial community toward undominated assembly. In comparison, while the viral community was also influenced by substantial undominated processes, it assembled, in part, due to homogeneous selection. When the overall assembly processes acting upon both these communities were directly compared with each other, a significant relationship was revealed, suggesting an association between microbial and viral community development despite differing selective pressures. These results reveal a potentially important balance of ecological dynamics that must be in maintained within this deep subsurface ecosystem in order for the microbial community to persist over extended time periods. More broadly, this relationship begins to provide knowledge underlying metacommunity development across trophic levels.IMPORTANCE Interactions between viral communities and their microbial hosts have been the subject of many recent studies in a wide range of ecosystems. The degree of coordination between ecological assembly processes influencing viral and microbial communities, however, has been explored to a much lesser degree. By using a combined null modeling approach, this study investigated the ecological assembly processes influencing both viral and microbial community structure within hydraulically fractured shale environments. Among other results, significant relationships between the structuring processes affecting both the viral and microbial community were observed, indicating that ecological assembly might be coordinated between these communities despite differing selective pressures. Within this deep subsurface ecosystem, these results reveal a potentially important balance of ecological dynamics that must be maintained to enable long-term microbial community persistence. More broadly, this relationship begins to provide insight into the development of communities across trophic levels.