Dietary Patterns Derived Using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis are Stable and Generalizable Across Race, Region, and Gender Subgroups in the REGARDS Study.
Dietary Patterns Derived Using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis are Stable and Generalizable Across Race, Region, and Gender Subgroups in the REGARDS Study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2014.00029
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Newby PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Judd SE;Letter AJ;Shikany JM;Roth DL;Newby PK
背景：在饮食和疾病研究中，使用饮食模式作为暴露来检查整体饮食是使用单一食物或营养素的补充方法，但在美国，跨种族、地区和性别的摄取模式的普遍性尚未建立。目的：运用严格的统计分析，在一个庞大的种族混杂、地理不同的人群中经验性地得出饮食模式，并检查结果是否在人群亚群中是稳定的。设计：本分析使用了21,636名完成了Block 98食物频率问卷的中风原因和种族差异研究参与者的数据。我们对56个不同的食物组进行了探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析迭代，并检验了种族、地区和性别的差异，以确定我们样本中的最佳因素解决方案。结果：出现了五种饮食模式：以混合菜肴为特征的“方便”模式；以水果、蔬菜和鱼类为特征的“植物性”模式；以甜食、甜点、脂肪和油类为特征的“甜食/脂肪”模式；以油炸食品、器官肉和含糖饮料为特征的“南方”模式；以啤酒、葡萄酒、白酒和沙拉为特征的“酒精/沙拉”模式。差异在南部模式中最为明显，黑人参与者、居住在东南部的参与者以及未完成高中学业的参与者得分最高。结论：在REAGES研究中出现了五种有意义的饮食模式，并在种族、性别和地区之间显示出很强的一致性。未来的研究将审查这些模式与健康结果之间的关联，以更好地了解疾病中的种族差异，并为预防工作提供信息。
Background: Examining diet as a whole using dietary patterns as exposures is a complementary method to using single food or nutrients in studies of diet and disease, but the generalizability of intake patterns across race, region, and gender in the United States has not been established. Objective: To employ rigorous statistical analysis to empirically derive dietary patterns in a large bi-racial, geographically diverse population and examine whether results are stable across population subgroups. Design: The present analysis utilized data from 21,636 participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who completed the Block 98 food frequency questionnaire. We employed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses on 56 different food groups iteratively and examined differences by race, region, and sex to determine the optimal factor solution in our sample. Results: Five dietary patterns emerged: the “Convenience” pattern was characterized by mixed dishes; the “Plant-based” pattern by fruits, vegetables, and fish; the “Sweets/Fats” pattern by sweet snacks, desserts, and fats and oils; the “Southern” pattern by fried foods, organ meat, and sweetened beverages; and the “Alcohol/Salads” pattern by beer, wine, liquor, and salads. Differences were most pronounced in the Southern pattern with black participants, those residing in the Southeast, and participants not completing high school having the highest scores. Conclusion: Five meaningful dietary patterns emerged in the REGARDS study and showed strong congruence across race, sex, and region. Future research will examine associations between these patterns and health outcomes to better understand racial disparities in disease and inform prevention efforts.