Buried germinative seeds in mature beech forests with different herbaceous vegetation and soil types
Buried germinative seeds in mature beech forests with different herbaceous vegetation and soil types
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不同草本植被和土壤类型的成熟山毛榉林中埋藏的发芽种子
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Olsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Staaf;M. Jónsson;L. Olsen
使用出苗法检查了瑞典南部七个成熟山毛榉林土壤中的种子库。还研究了田间的出苗情况。在所研究的森林中，覆盖了广泛的植被和土壤类型，在种子库中发现了 1020 至 4500 颗发芽的种子 m−2。种子丰度与这些地点的土壤或植被类型没有明显的关系，但种子库中物种数量最多的地方是在多个地点。随着土壤肥力的增加，发芽种子的物种多样性急剧增加。
植被中只有种子库可发芽部分物种的一小部分（10-35%）。贫营养地区的土壤样本主要含有禾本科植物，特别是苔草属，而草本植物在丰富的穆尔地区的种子库中占主导地位。种子，例如繁缕、酢浆草、Moehringia trinervia、Viola rivinianalreichenbachiana、Melica uniflora 和 Milium effusum 在混合土壤中特别丰富。所有地点的木本物种都很罕见，并且在发芽测试中没有发现早春植物群的代表。
在现代土壤中，大多数种子是从矿质土壤中回收的，人们认为它们起源于森林演替的早期阶段。一些地点拥有相对较大的物种种子库，这些物种通常出现在受干扰的森林中，例如灯心草和悬钩子，但发芽的种子很少属于仅限于非森林栖息地的物种。仅在苗地和现代场地观察到田间出苗的幼苗。除了少数例外，它们都属于种子库和植被中常见的物种。
The seed banks in the soils of seven mature beech forests in southern Sweden were examined using the seedling-emergence method. Seedling emergence in the field was also studied. In the studied forests, covering a wide range of vegetation and soil types, between 1020 and 4500 germinating seeds m−2 were found in the seed bank. Seed abundance showed no apparent relationship with the type of soil or vegetation at the sites, but the highest number of species in the seed bank was found on the mull sites. The species diversity of germinative seeds increased strongly with increasing soil fertility.
Only a minor part (10–35%) of the species in the germinable part of the seed bank were represented in the vegetation. Soil samples from the oligotrophic sites mainly contained graminoids, notably Carex spp., while herbs dominated the seed banks of the rich mull sites. Seeds of e.g. Stellaria nemorum, Oxalis acetosella, Moehringia trinervia, Viola rivinianalreichenbachiana, Melica uniflora, and Milium effusum were especially abundant in the mull soils. Woody species were infrequent on all sites, and no representatives of the early spring flora were noted in the germination tests.
In the mor and moder soils most seeds were recovered from the mineral soil, and they were believed to originate from early stages in the succession of the forest. Several sites had comparatively large seed banks of species that typically occur in disturbed forests, e.g. Juncus effusus and Rubus idaeus, but very few germinating seeds belonged to species restricted to non-forest habitats. Emerging seedlings in the field were only observed on the mull and moder sites. With few exceptions they belonged to species, which were common both in the seed banks and in the vegetation.