Impact of COVID-19 on Public Mental Health and the Buffering Effect of a Sense of Coherence
Impact of COVID-19 on Public Mental Health and the Buffering Effect of a Sense of Coherence
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DOI：
10.1159/000510752
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
22.8
通讯作者：
Michael, Tanja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schaefer, Sarah K.;Sopp, M. Roxanne;Michael, Tanja
引言：据称，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对心理健康产生了负面影响。然而，迄今为止，缺乏前瞻性研究。此外，重要的是要确定哪些因素调节对大流行病的压力反应。在此之前，一致性意识（SOC）已经成为一个特别重要的阻力因素。目的：这项前瞻性研究旨在评估COVID-19爆发对心理健康的影响，并调查爆发前SOC水平预测精神病理学症状变化的能力。研究方法：这项研究评估了讲德语的样本（n = 1，591）中COVID-19爆发前后的精神病理学症状和SOC以及爆发后COVID-19相关的创伤性痛苦。双变量潜在变化评分（BLCS）模型被用来分析精神病理学症状爆发前后的变化和SOC预测症状变化的能力。结果：总体而言，精神病理学症状没有变化。然而，在个体应答水平上，10%的人经历了临床上显著的精神病理学症状增加，15%的人符合COVID-19相关创伤性痛苦的截止标准。使用BLCS模型，我们发现高压力组的精神病理学症状增加，SOC减少，而低压力组则表现出相反的模式。SOC和精神病理症状的变化预测爆发前SOC和精神病理症状水平。结论：虽然大多数受访者的心理健康状况稳定，但一小群以SOC水平低为特征的受访者从爆发前到爆发后经历了精神病理学症状的增加。因此，SOC训练可能是一种很有前途的方法，以提高抗应激。
Introduction: It is claimed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative impact on mental health. However, to date, prospective studies are lacking. Moreover, it is important to identify which factors modulate the stress response to the pandemic. Previously, sense of coherence (SOC) has emerged as a particularly important resistance factor. Objective: This prospective study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and to investigate the ability of pre-outbreak SOC levels to predict changes in psychopathological symptoms. Methods: This study assessed psychopathological symptoms and SOC before and after the COVID-19 outbreak as well as post-outbreak COVID-19-related traumatic distress in a German-speaking sample (n =1,591). Bivariate latent change score (BLCS) modeling was used to analyze pre- to post-outbreak changes in psychopathological symptoms and the ability of SOC to predict symptom changes. Results: Overall, there was no change in psychopathological symptoms. However, on an individual-respondent level, 10% experienced a clinically significant increase in psychopathological symptoms and 15% met cut-off criteria for COVID-19-related traumatic distress. Using BLCS modeling, we identified a high-stress group experiencing an increase in psychopathological symptoms and a decrease in SOC and a low-stress group showing the reversed pattern. Changes in SOC and psychopathological symptoms were predicted by pre-outbreak SOC and psychopathological symptom levels. Conclusions: Although mental health was stable in most respondents, a small group of respondents characterized by low levels of SOC experienced increased psychopathological symptoms from pre- to post-outbreak. Thus, SOC training might be a promising approach to enhance the resistance to stressors.