Immobilization of enzymes on clay minerals for biocatalysts and biosensors
Immobilization of enzymes on clay minerals for biocatalysts and biosensors
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将酶固定在粘土矿物上用于生物催化剂和生物传感器
DOI：
10.1016/j.clay.2015.05.029
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Yu, Wei Hua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
An, Ning;Zhou, Chun Hui;Yu, Wei Hua
许多研究表明，天然存在的层状粘土矿物可用作一类生物相容性固体载体用于固定化酶。相应的粘土矿物酶杂化物在催化和生物传感方面具有巨大的潜力。本文综述了粘土矿物作为酶固定化载体的最新研究进展。酶在粘土矿物上的固定化可以通过非共价吸附和共价键合实现。非共价固定涉及货车范德华力、静电相互作用、氢键和疏水相互作用。为了避免酶的解吸，可以通过酶与粘土矿物之间的直接共价键合进行固定化。通过对粘土矿物进行有机改性和添加连接分子来改善固定化，从而提高酶的负载量、活性和稳定性。关于粘土矿物固定化酶的应用，目前的研究主要集中在生物催化过程和生物传感器方面。对于制造生物传感电极，具有金属纳米颗粒、石墨烯和碳纳米管的粘土矿物被证明是更有效的，主要是由于增强的电子转移。粘土矿物酶杂化物的未来工作可能在于将更多额外的功能材料与粘土矿物酶杂化物结合，以构建分级结构的催化剂和电极。(C)2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
Many studies suggest that naturally-occurring layered clay minerals can be used as a class of biocompatible solid supports for immobilizing enzymes. The corresponding clay mineral enzyme hybrids prove to have great potentials in catalysis and biosensing. This article reviews latest advances in using clay minerals as supports for the immobilization of enzymes. The immobilization of enzyme onto clay minerals can be made via non-covalent adsorption and covalent bonding. The non-covalent immobilization involves van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. For avoiding desorption of enzymes, immobilization can be conducted through direct covalent bonding between enzymes and clay minerals. Organic modification of clay minerals and addition of linking molecules are made to improve the immobilization so as to increase the loading, activity and stability of enzymes. Regarding the applications of enzyme immobilized on clay minerals, recent studies are made mainly in biocatalytic processes and in biosensors. For manufacturing biosensing electrodes, clay minerals with metal nanoparticles, graphene and carbon nanotubes prove to be more effective owing mainly to the enhanced electron transfer. Future work on clay mineral enzyme hybrids could lie in integrating more additional functional materials with clay mineral enzyme hybrids to build hierarchical structured catalysts and electrodes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.