Soil microbial carbon and nitrogen transformations at a glacial foreland on Anvers Island, Antarctic Peninsula
Soil microbial carbon and nitrogen transformations at a glacial foreland on Anvers Island, Antarctic Peninsula
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-012-1184-5
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发表时间：
2012-04
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
S. Strauss;F. Garcia-Pichel;T. Day
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Strauss;F. Garcia-Pichel;T. Day
微生物群落通过对土壤碳(C)和氮(N)循环的贡献，在冰川前陆土壤发育和演替中发挥关键作用。利用分子指纹技术和代谢率测量相结合的方法，研究了南极半岛安弗斯岛冰川前陆土壤微生物群落组成和碳氮循环的关键转化。土壤沿着代表从冰川消融以来<1年到大约10年的时间序列的样带取样。在冰川后退边缘附近，土壤无冰时间小于1年，土壤微生物群落较为活跃。微生物群落组成调查确定了典型的土壤细菌种类，如节杆菌和鞘单胞菌，以及已知的南极异养菌、蓝藻和真菌。该地区的土壤C循环以光养微生物活动为主，而N循环以异养固定n2为主，而不像其他最近冰川消退的前陆那样是蓝藻固定n2。其他氮转化，如氨氧化和反硝化似乎是有限的相关性。
Microbial communities can play a critical role in soil development and succession at glacial forelands through their contribution to soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Using a combination of molecular fingerprinting techniques and metabolic rate measurements, we examined the soil microbial community composition and key transformations in the C and N cycles at a glacial foreland on Anvers Island along the Antarctic Peninsula. Soils were sampled along transects representing a chronosequence of <1 to approximately 10 years since deglaciation. The soil microbial community was active adjacent to the receding edge of the glacier, where soil had been ice-free for <1 year. A survey of the microbial community composition identified typical soil bacterial species such asArthrobacterandSphingomonas, as well as known Antarctic heterotrophs, cyanobacteria and fungi. The soil C cycle over this zone was dominated by phototrophic microbial activity, while the N cycle was dominated by heterotrophic N2-fixation and not cyanobacterial N2-fixation as found at other recently deglaciated forelands. Other N transformations such as ammonia oxidation and denitrification appeared to be of limited relevance.