Reference curves for triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses in US children and adolescents
Reference curves for triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses in US children and adolescents
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.2009.28385
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Himes, John H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Addo, O. Yaw;Himes, John H.
背景：长期以来，皮褶厚度一直被认为是衡量皮下脂肪的重要而有效的指标。然而，目前还没有针对美国儿童和青少年的皮褶参考数据。目的：我们采用与美国疾病控制与预防中心2000年生长图表中身体质量指数（BMI）参考曲线相同的国家样本，建立了新的三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度百分位数参考曲线。设计：我们纳入了32,783名具有完整BMI数据的个体的三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度测量。利用LMS方法推导出10条光滑的皮褶厚度百分位参考曲线，并生成L、M和S参数，用于计算标准化z分数。结果：新的参考曲线显示了与年龄和性别相关的发育模式，包括男孩在青春期前皮下脂肪的最高百分位数的急剧增加。种族间平滑中值的比较证实白人儿童三头肌部位皮下脂肪比黑人儿童多，但肩胛下皮褶中值厚度相似。根据BMI临界值判定为超重（>=第85百分位）或肥胖（>=第95百分位）的儿童皮褶厚度中位数与不同年龄的皮褶百分位参考通道并不密切相关，尤其是男孩，这表明BMI分布的上极值处BMI与皮褶厚度之间存在一定程度的独立性。结论：年龄和性别标准化的皮褶百分位数和z分数将适用于考虑皮下脂肪测量的广泛研究应用。因为他们的研究对象与疾病控制与预防中心2000年BMI曲线的研究对象相同，所以他们提供了一个重要的新的补充性评估工具，应该适用于几乎所有的美国儿童和青少年。中华临床医学杂志，2010;31(1):635- 642。
Background: Skinfold thicknesses have long been considered important and valid measurements of subcutaneous fat. Nevertheless, there are no current skinfold reference data for US children and adolescents.Objective: We developed new percentile reference curves for triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses by using the same national samples as those included in the reference curves for body mass index (BMI) in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 Growth Charts.Design: We included triceps and subscapular skinfold-thickness measurements for 32,783 individuals who also had complete data for BMI. The LMS method was used to derive 10 smoothed skinfold-thickness percentile reference curves and to generate the L, M, and S parameters that allow the calculation of standardized z scores.Results: The new reference curves exhibit established age-and sex-related patterns of development, including dramatic prepubescent increases in subcutaneous fatness in boys at the highest percentiles. Comparisons of smoothed medians for race-ethnicity groups confirm greater subcutaneous fatness in white children than in black age mates at the triceps site but similar median subscapular skinfold thicknesses. Median skinfold thicknesses for children considered overweight (>= 85th percentile) or obese (>= 95th percentile) on the basis of BMI cutoffs do not follow closely the skinfold percentile reference channels across age, especially in boys, which suggests a certain degree of independence between BMI and skinfold thickness at the upper extremes of the BMI distribution.Conclusions: The age-and sex-standardized skinfold percentiles and z scores will be appropriate for a wide range of research applications that consider measures of subcutaneous fat. Because they were developed by using the same children as those used for the 2000 BMI curves of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, they provide an important new complementary assessment tool that should be appropriate for almost all US children and adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:635-42.