Positive interactions among plant species for pollinator service: assessing the 'magnet species' concept with invasive species
Positive interactions among plant species for pollinator service: assessing the 'magnet species' concept with invasive species
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16896.x
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Molina‐Montenegro;E. Badano;L. Cavieres
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Molina‐Montenegro;E. Badano;L. Cavieres
花吸引力差或花奖励很少的植物可能没有足够的传粉者服务，这反过来又会减少种子产量。然而，当不太吸引人的物种与具有非常吸引人的花朵的物种(所谓的磁力物种)联系在一起时，传粉者的服务可能会得到加强。尽管有几项研究报告了磁铁物种效应，但很少有研究评估这种积极的相互作用是否会提高受益物种的种子产量。在这里，我们比较了入侵的一年生物种圆顶锦鸡儿的授粉率和种子产量，当它与入侵的羽扇豆属灌木共生时和单独生长时，并假设圆顶锦鸡儿是一个吸引圆顶羽扇豆象的磁铁物种。结果表明，与亚洲斑潜蝇相关的白头翁个体比单独生长的个体具有更高的授粉率和更高的种子产量。在考虑花朵密度后，黑头金龟子的访客率仍保持较高的水平，这与我们关于白头翁磁种效应的假说是一致的。考虑到这两个物种都是入侵物种，Arboreus促进白头翁的授粉和繁殖可以促进其在群落中的归化，这表明协同入侵过程导致了入侵熔融。在这项研究中发现的羽扇豆属对Carduus的磁铁效应似乎是入侵物种之间通过增加授粉而间接促进相互作用的第一个例子。
Plants with poorly attractive flowers or with little floral rewards may have inadequate pollinator service, which in turn reduces seed output. However, pollinator service of less attractive species could be enhanced when they are associated with species with highly attractive flowers (so called ‘magnet-species’). Although several studies have reported the magnet species effect, few of them have evaluated whether this positive interaction result in an enhancement of the seed output for the beneficiary species. Here, we compared pollinator visitation rates and seed output of the invasive annual species Carduus pycnocephalus when grow associated with shrubs of the invasive Lupinus arboreus and when grow alone, and hypothesized that L. arboreus acts as a magnet species for C. pycnocephalus. Results showed that C. pycnocephalus individuals associated with L. arboreus had higher pollinator visitation rates and higher seed output than individuals growing alone. The higher visitation rates of C. pycnocephalus associated to L. arboreus were maintained after accounting for flower density, which consistently supports our hypothesis on the magnet species effect of L. arboreus. Given that both species are invasives, the facilitated pollination and reproduction of C. pycnocephalus by L. arboreus could promote its naturalization in the community, suggesting a synergistic invasional process contributing to an ‘invasional meltdown’. The magnet effect of Lupinus on Carduus found in this study seems to be one the first examples of indirect facilitative interactions via increased pollination among invasive species.