Th1 and Th17 Cells in Tuberculosis: Protection, Pathology, and Biomarkers.
Th1 and Th17 Cells in Tuberculosis: Protection, Pathology, and Biomarkers.
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DOI：
10.1155/2015/854507
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Panteleev AV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyadova IV;Panteleev AV
结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)感染的结果从病原体完全清除到无症状潜伏感染(LTBI)到活动性结核病(TB)。现在可以理解的是，LTBI和活动性结核病代表了具有不同程度的病原体“活性”、宿主病理和免疫反应性的连续状态谱。因此，重要的是要区分LTBI和活动性结核病，并确定活动性结核病的分期。在结核分枝杆菌感染过程中，CD4+T细胞通过介导保护、促进炎症和调节免疫反应而发挥关键作用。Th1和Th17细胞是结核病发病过程中的主要效应细胞。Th1细胞已被证明通过分泌干扰素-γ和激活巨噬细胞中的抗分枝杆菌作用而有助于结核病保护。Th17可引起中性粒细胞炎症，介导组织损伤，从而参与结核病的病理过程。近年来，新的发现改变了我们对Th1和Th17细胞在结核分枝杆菌感染中的作用的看法。这篇综述讨论了这些新结果以及如何将其应用于结核病诊断和监测。
The outcome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection ranges from a complete pathogen clearance through asymptomatic latent infection (LTBI) to active tuberculosis (TB) disease. It is now understood that LTBI and active TB represent a continuous spectrum of states with different degrees of pathogen “activity,” host pathology, and immune reactivity. Therefore, it is important to differentiate LTBI and active TB and identify active TB stages. CD4+ T cells play critical role during Mtb infection by mediating protection, contributing to inflammation, and regulating immune response. Th1 and Th17 cells are the main effector CD4+ T cells during TB. Th1 cells have been shown to contribute to TB protection by secreting IFN-γ and activating antimycobacterial action in macrophages. Th17 induce neutrophilic inflammation, mediate tissue damage, and thus have been implicated in TB pathology. In recent years new findings have accumulated that alter our view on the role of Th1 and Th17 cells during Mtb infection. This review discusses these new results and how they can be implemented for TB diagnosis and monitoring.