The Game of Thinking. Interactions Between Children and Robots in Educational Environments
The Game of Thinking. Interactions Between Children and Robots in Educational Environments
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思维游戏。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-77040-2_12
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Zecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Zecca
教育机器人（ER）符合建构主义观点，旨在通过合作研究克服研究人员和实践者之间的二分法。这引发了人们对如何开展教师专业培训的思考。实验室是 ER 活动的特殊场所。这是一个用于培训和研究的教育空间，适合学习做，孩子们可以在这里操作机器人并发展科学技能。米兰比可卡大学认知与社会科学机器人实验室在 Edoardo Datteri 教授的指导下，在此框架内开展了一系列活动。该项目采用基于扎根理论的人种学方法，其中教师充当调解者而不是讲师，项目包括： 小学实验室，包括组装成小型车辆的乐高 Mindstorms 机器人；初中实验室研究教师的不同方法；在“Bambini Bicocca”与学龄前儿童一起进行机器人编程活动。这些研究活动为孩子们提供了发展科学和思维技能的机会，并表明 ER 可以让学生进行元认知反思。此外，由于经过深思熟虑的实验室方法，机器人技术可以跨越多种教育技能，例如学会学习、自主行动、解决问题。对成人、儿童和机器人之间互动的深入研究对于推进新知识行动的研究也发挥着重要作用：它揭示了学生解决问题的策略以及儿童和教师的行为。
Educational robotics (ER) fits into a constructivist perspective that aims to overcome the dichotomy between researchers and practitioners through collaborative research. This sparks reflection on how to develop professional training for teachers. The laboratory is the privileged setting of ER activities. It is an educational space for training and research alike, and is suitable for learning to do, whereby children can handle robots and develop scientific skills. The Laboratory of Robotics for the Cognitive and Social Sciences of the University of Milano-Bicocca, directed by Professor Edoardo Datteri, conducted a series of activities within this framework. Using an ethnographic approach informed by grounded theory, where the teacher acts as a mediator rather than an instructor, the project included: labs in primary schools involving a Lego Mindstorms robot assembled as a small vehicle; labs in lower secondary schools to study the different approaches of teachers; a robot programming activity with preschool children at “Bambini Bicocca.” These research activities give children the opportunity to develop scientific and thinking skills, and show that ER can engage students in metacognitive reflection. Moreover, thanks to a well thoughtout laboratory approach, robotics can cut across several educational skills, such as learning to learn, acting autonomously, solving problems. An in-depth study of the interactions between adults, children and robots also plays an important role in advancing the research with new knowledge for action: it sheds light on the problemsolving strategies of students and the behaviors of children and teachers.