Inferring Meaning from Syntactic Structures in Acquisition: The Case of Transitivity and Telicity.
Inferring Meaning from Syntactic Structures in Acquisition: The Case of Transitivity and Telicity.
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从习得中的句法结构推断意义：及物性和目的性的案例。
DOI：
10.1080/01690960903488375
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wagner,Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wagner,Laura
本文研究了儿童运用句法结构推断语义信息的能力。具体的语法-语义联系是及物性（及物/不及物结构）和远性（远性/远性视角，即有界性）之间的联系。虽然及物性是远性的重要句法反射，但它对预测远性值既不充分也不必要；因此，它是目的性语义的弱提示。然而，孩子们确实利用它。实验1采用匹配样本的方法，发现3岁儿童可以使用及物性信息来指导他们对远性的解释。实验二对两岁的孩子进行了优先观看任务，同样发现这些孩子可以成功地利用及物性作为远性的线索。在这两个实验中，孩子们在因果和定向运动事件上都成功了，这表明智力判断并不局限于任何一种事件类型。这些结果在儿童可以与及物性联系的其他语义元素的背景下进行了讨论，并且综合起来，认为支持及物性和遥性之间的很大程度上的推理联系。
This paper investigated children's ability to use syntactic structures to infer semantic information. The particular syntax–semantics link examined was the one between transitivity (transitive/intransitive structures) and telicity (telic/atelic perspectives; that is, boundedness). Although transitivity is an important syntactic reflex of telicity, it is neither necessary nor sufficient for predicting a telicity value; it is therefore a weak cue for telicity semantics. Nevertheless, children do make use of it. Experiment 1 used a match-to-sample task and found that 3-year-old children could use transitivity information to guide their interpretations of telicity. Experiment 2 used a preferential looking task with 2-year-old children and similarly found that these children could successfully use transitivity as a cue to telicity. Children in both experiments succeeded with both causal and directed-motion events, suggesting that telicity judgements are not tied to any one event type. These results are discussed in the context of other semantic elements that children can link to transitivity, and taken together, are argued to support a largely inferential link between transitivity and telicity.