FLOWERING LOCUS T Regulates Stomatal Opening
FLOWERING LOCUS T Regulates Stomatal Opening
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.025
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发表时间：
2011-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Shimazaki, Ken-ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kinoshita, Toshinori;Ono, Natsuko;Shimazaki, Ken-ichiro
植物表皮中被一对保卫细胞包围的气孔控制光合作用的气体交换，以响应光、CO2 和植物激素脱落酸 [1, 2]。向光素（phot1 和 phot2）是植物蓝光受体激酶，通过激活质膜 H+-ATP 酶介导气孔打开 [3, 4]。然而，从向光素到 H+-ATP 酶的信号传导机制尚未确定。在这里，我们证明 FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) 在保卫细胞中表达并调节气孔！开放。我们分离了拟南芥的 scs（phot1 phot2 中闭合气孔表型的抑制子）1-1 突变体，并表明 scs1-1 在 phot1 phot2 背景中携带新的无效早期开花 3 (elf3) 等位基因。 scs1-1（elf3 phot1 phot2 三重突变体）具有开放气孔表型，具有高 H+-ATPase 活性，并且保卫细胞中 FT mRNA 水平增加。在保卫细胞中过表达 FT 的转基因植物显示出开放的气孔，而功能丧失的 FT 等位基因 ft-1 则显示出关闭的气孔，并且无法响应蓝光激活 H+-ATP 酶。我们的结果定义了 FT 的新细胞自主作用，并证明开花时间基因 ELF3 和 FT 参与保卫细胞中蓝光对 H+-ATPase 的调节。
Stomatal pores surrounded by a pair of guard cells in the plant epidermis control gas exchange for photosynthesis in response to light, CO2, and phytohormone abscisic acid [1, 2]. Phototropins (phot1 and phot2) are plant blue-light receptor kinases and mediate stomatal opening via activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase [3, 4]. However, the signaling mechanism from phototropins to the H+-ATPase has yet to be determined. Here, we show that FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) is expressed in guard cells and regulates stomata! opening. We isolated an scs (suppressor of closed-stomata phenotype in phot1 phot2) 1-1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana and showed that scs1-1 carries a novel null early flowering 3 (elf3) allele in a phot1 phot2 background. scs1-1 (elf3 phot1 phot2 triple mutant) had an open-stomata phenotype with high H+-ATPase activity and showed increased levels of FT mRNA in guard cells. Transgenic plants overexpressing FT in guard cells showed open stomata, whereas a loss-of-function FT allele, ft-1, exhibited closed stomata and failed to activate the H+-ATPase in response to blue light. Our results define a new cell-autonomous role for FT and demonstrate that the flowering time genes ELF3 and FT are involved in the regulation of H+-ATPase by blue light in guard cells.