Eye movements and visual encoding during scene perception.

Eye movements and visual encoding during scene perception.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02243.x
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发表时间:
2009-01
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Henderson JM
Henderson JM
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rayner K;Smith TJ;Malcolm GL;Henderson JM

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在注视过程中,观看者能够处理一个场景的时间因每个注视中特定时间点出现的面具而有所不同。直到观看者做了一个眼动,这一幕才重新出现。研究中的主要发现是,为了正常处理场景,观众需要在每次注视过程中至少观看场景150毫秒。这一结果令人惊讶,因为观众可以从40到100毫秒的短暂曝光中提取场景的要点。它也与阅读形成鲜明对比,因为读者只需查看文本中的单词50至60毫秒即可正常阅读。因此,尽管同样的神经机制控制着场景感知和阅读中的眼动,但与每项任务相关的认知过程以不同的方式驱动处理。
The amount of time viewers could process a scene during eye fixations was varied by a mask that appeared at a certain point in each eye fixation. The scene did not reappear until the viewer made an eye movement. The main finding in the studies was that in order to normally process a scene, viewers needed to see the scene for at least 150 ms during each eye fixation. This result is surprising because viewers can extract the gist of a scene from a brief 40- to 100-ms exposure. It also stands in marked contrast to reading, as readers need only to view the words in the text for 50 to 60 ms to read normally. Thus, although the same neural mechanisms control eye movements in scene perception and reading, the cognitive processes associated with each task drive processing in different ways.
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