Vegetative and Floral Chilling Requirements of Four New Kiwi Cultivars of Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa
Vegetative and Floral Chilling Requirements of Four New Kiwi Cultivars of Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.43.3.644
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发表时间：
2008-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
C. Wall;W. Dozier;R. Ebel;B. Wilkins;F. M. Woods;W. Foshee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Wall;W. Dozier;R. Ebel;B. Wilkins;F. M. Woods;W. Foshee
猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa A.Chev.)和中华猕猴桃(Actinidia Chinensis Planch)需要冬季降温才能完成休眠，生长需要几个小时的生长。本研究比较了‘金阳光’和‘金龙’两个雌性品种，‘AU Fitzgerald’和‘Hayward’两个雌性品种和两个雄性品种‘AU Authur’和‘Matua’的萌芽和花发育的需冷量和生长时数。在2005年和2006年，用休眠的1年生甘蔗在第6-20节，从甘蔗基端开始，在4 8C的冷藏条件下进行嫩枝插条。将插穗移出仓库，在保持在25℃的温室中强制开花。‘金色阳光’的最大萌芽时间为700h，‘金龙’和‘AU Fitzgerald’的最大萌芽时间为800h，‘Hayward’、‘Matua’和‘AU Authur’的最大萌芽时间为900h。‘金龙’的成熟度为9500h，‘金光’为15000h，其他品种的相关系数较低。“金色阳光”的高热量需求将减少晚春霜冻造成伤害的风险。两个品种的花期都与所有品种的花期重叠，只有‘金龙’品种的花期在田间完全成熟。
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev. and Actinidia chinensis Planch) require winter chilling to complete rest and growing degree hours to grow. This study was conducted to compare the chilling requirement and growing degree hours for budbreak and floral development of two female cultivars of A. chinensis, 'Golden Sunshine' and 'Golden Dragon', two female cultivars of A. deliciosa, 'AU Fitzgerald' and 'Hayward', and two male cultivars of A. deliciosa, 'AU Authur' and 'Matua'. In 2005 and 2006, shoot cuttings were made from dormant 1-year canes at nodes 6 to 20, starting from the basal end of canes and held in cold storage at 4 8C. Cuttings were removed from storage and flowering was forced in a greenhouse maintained at 25 8C. Maximum budbreak was determined to be 700 h for 'Golden Sunshine', 800 h for 'Golden Dragon' and 'AU Fitzgerald', and 900 h for 'Hayward', 'Matua', and 'AU Authur'. Growing degree hour to first budbreak were 9,500 h for 'Golden Dragon' and 15,000 h for 'Golden Sunshine', with the correlation of determination too low for the other cultivars. The high heat requirement for 'Gold Sunshine' would reduce the risk of injury by late spring frosts. Bloom period of both male cultivars overlapped with bloom periods for all cultivars except 'Golden Dragon' for fully mature vines in the field.