Categorical facilitation with equally discriminable colors.
Categorical facilitation with equally discriminable colors.
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DOI：
10.1167/15.8.22
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
C. Witzel;K. Gegenfurtner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Witzel;K. Gegenfurtner
本研究探讨了语言对颜色感知的影响。分类促进，我们指的是分类知觉的一个方面，其中类别之间的语言区别影响颜色辨别，超出了对颜色差异的低水平，感官敏感性。根据这一想法，当控制低水平灵敏度时，跨越类别边界的颜色的辨别性能应该优于属于同一类别的颜色。我们通过使用根据经验测量的辨别阈值同样可辨别的颜色来控制灵敏度。为了测试分类促进，我们测量了反应时间和错误率在一个快速的歧视任务的阈上刺激。一组经验不足的观察者，即粉红色，橙子，黄色，绿色和紫色的六个类别中的五个类别发生了强烈的分类促进。类别易化对类别的个体差异或目标呈现的偏侧性是稳健的。然而，矛盾的影响发生在蓝色类别，最有可能反映了难以控制的影响，感觉机制在绿色-蓝色的边界。此外，一组观察员谁是非常熟悉的歧视任务没有表现出一致的分类促进在其他五个类别。这个训练有素的小组比没有经验的小组有更快的反应时间，没有任何速度和准确性的权衡。其他分析表明，分类促进发生时，观察员注意到的分类区别，但不是当他们自动响应的基础上感官前馈信息。
This study investigates the impact of language on color perception. By categorical facilitation, we refer to an aspect of categorical perception, in which the linguistic distinction between categories affects color discrimination beyond the low-level, sensory sensitivity to color differences. According to this idea, discrimination performance for colors that cross a category border should be better than for colors that belong to the same category when controlling for low-level sensitivity. We controlled for sensitivity by using colors that were equally discriminable according to empirically measured discrimination thresholds. To test for categorical facilitation, we measured response times and error rates in a speeded discrimination task for suprathreshold stimuli. Robust categorical facilitation occurred for five out of six categories with a group of inexperienced observers, namely for pink, orange, yellow, green, and purple. Categorical facilitation was robust against individual variations of categories or the laterality of target presentation. However, contradictory effects occurred in the blue category, most probably reflecting the difficulty to control effects of sensory mechanisms at the green-blue boundary. Moreover, a group of observers who were highly familiar with the discrimination task did not show consistent categorical facilitation in the other five categories. This trained group had much faster response times than the inexperienced group without any speed-accuracy trade-off. Additional analyses suggest that categorical facilitation occurs when observers pay attention to the categorical distinction but not when they respond automatically based on sensory feed-forward information.