Durable, Yet Different: Monarchies in the Arab Spring
Durable, Yet Different: Monarchies in the Arab Spring
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持久而不同：阿拉伯之春中的君主制
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anna Sunik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Bank;T. Richter;Anna Sunik
阿拉伯之春爆发三年多来，中东的特点是君主制和共和制之间的持久性存在显著差异。除了这一差异之外，中东八个君主国集团内部的一些重大差距迄今为止一直被忽视。借鉴现有的君主制研究，我们首先提出的情况下，有三种不同类型的持久的君主制之前，阿拉伯之春。面对社会和政治危机，每一种类型对2011年后出现的挑战作出了不同的反应。五个“食利者”和“王朝式”的海湾君主国（巴林、科威特、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋）主要依靠物质分配和家族统治，而约旦和摩洛哥这两个非石油“关键”国家则吸引了更多的外部资金，修改宪法，试图在程序上合法化。然而，阿曼苏丹国福尔斯两者之间。这个“更关键的”君主制使用适度的物质拉拢，在政权最高层进行有选择的个人改组以及有针对性的制度调整。我们说明我们的研究结果与类似的结构简短的案例研究的三个原型的卡塔尔，约旦和阿曼。
Abstract Over three years into the Arab Spring, the Middle East is characterized by a striking difference in durability between monarchies and republics. Beyond this difference, some significant gaps within the group of the eight Middle East monarchies have so far been overlooked. Drawing on the existing monarchy research, we first make the case that there were three distinct types of durable monarchies prior to the Arab Spring. Confronted with social and political crises, each type reacted differently to the challenges presented to them after 2011. While five “rentier” and “dynastic” Gulf monarchies (Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE (United Arab Emirates)) mainly rely on material distribution and family rule, the non-oil “linchpins” of Jordan and Morocco, attracting additional external funds, undertook constitutional changes in an attempt at procedural legitimation. The Sultanate of Oman, however, falls in between. This “linchtier” monarchy used modest material cooptation, a selected personal reshuffling at the top of the regime as well as targeted institutional adaptations. We illustrate our findings with similarly structured brief case studies of the three prototypes of Qatar, Jordan and Oman.
中东君主制的长期生存：结构比较，1945 年至 2012 年
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
André ; Richter;Thomas ; Sunik
通讯作者：
Sunik