The Tomato Terpene Synthase Gene Family
The Tomato Terpene Synthase Gene Family
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.111.179648
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Pichersky, Eran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falara, Vasiliki;Akhtar, Tariq A.;Pichersky, Eran
萜类化合物在植物与其环境的相互作用中起着许多作用，例如吸引传粉者和保护植物免受害虫的侵害。我们在这里表明，栽培番茄（番茄）的基因组中含有44个萜烯合酶（TPS）基因，其中包括29个功能或潜在功能。在这29个TPS基因中，26个在植物的至少一些器官或组织中表达。以前报道的TPS蛋白质的酶功能的8个，在这里，我们报告的10个额外的番茄萜类脱氢酶的体外催化活性的具体。许多番茄TPS基因被发现成簇，特别是在染色体1，2，6，8和10上。以前在被子植物中鉴定的所有TPS家族分支也存在于番茄中。在番茄中发现的具有12个成员的功能性TPS基因的最大进化枝是TPS-a进化枝，并且它似乎仅编码倍半萜烯脱氢酶，其中一个定位于线粒体，而其余的可能是胞质的。一些另外的倍半萜烯脱氢酶由TPS-b进化枝基因编码。一些番茄倍半萜烯脱氢酶也在体外使用z，z-法呢基二磷酸，或者比e，e-法呢基二磷酸底物更有效。编码单萜脱氢酶的基因也很普遍，它们分为三个进化枝：TPS-b、TPS-g和TPS-e/f。除了参与赤霉素前体对映贝壳杉烯合成的两个酶外，迄今为止还没有其他番茄TPS基因被证明编码二萜脱氢酶。
Compounds of the terpenoid class play numerous roles in the interactions of plants with their environment, such as attracting pollinators and defending the plant against pests. We show here that the genome of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) contains 44 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, including 29 that are functional or potentially functional. Of these 29 TPS genes, 26 were expressed in at least some organs or tissues of the plant. The enzymatic functions of eight of the TPS proteins were previously reported, and here we report the specific in vitro catalytic activity of 10 additional tomato terpene synthases. Many of the tomato TPS genes are found in clusters, notably on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 8, and 10. All TPS family clades previously identified in angiosperms are also present in tomato. The largest clade of functional TPS genes found in tomato, with 12 members, is the TPS-a clade, and it appears to encode only sesquiterpene synthases, one of which is localized to the mitochondria, while the rest are likely cytosolic. A few additional sesquiterpene synthases are encoded by TPS-b clade genes. Some of the tomato sesquiterpene synthases use z,z-farnesyl diphosphate in vitro as well, or more efficiently than, the e,e-farnesyl diphosphate substrate. Genes encoding monoterpene synthases are also prevalent, and they fall into three clades: TPS-b, TPS-g, and TPS-e/f. With the exception of two enzymes involved in the synthesis of ent-kaurene, the precursor of gibberellins, no other tomato TPS genes could be demonstrated to encode diterpene synthases so far.