Age-Related Changes in Immunological and Physiological Responses Following Pulmonary Challenge.
Age-Related Changes in Immunological and Physiological Responses Following Pulmonary Challenge.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms18061294
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发表时间：
2017-06-17
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Linge HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller EJ;Linge HM
本综述探讨了老年人群中败血症和肺炎的知识现状，以及肺部挑战的动态如何影响结果和后果。由于人口结构发生了前所未有的变化，更大比例的人口将进入老年，临床和实验研究表明，衰老与某些肺部变化有关，但在肺部感染性损伤期间，如肺炎，与年龄相关的反应性和耐力差异变得明显，导致比年轻人口更糟糕的结果。这篇综述指出，中性粒细胞和内皮细胞作为重要的球员在了解年龄相关的变化，肺部感染的挑战。它还解决了免疫设定点如何影响损伤修复阶段，远程器官损伤以及药物摄入如何改变用户的反应状态。此外，它指出了在临床试验、体外/离体实验设计和结果的总体解释中将年龄作为纳入标准的一个因素的重要性。
This review examines the current status of knowledge of sepsis and pneumonia in the elderly population and how the dynamics of the pulmonary challenge affects outcome and consequences. Led by an unprecedented shift in demographics, where a larger proportion of the population will reach an older age, clinical and experimental research shows that aging is associated with certain pulmonary changes, but it is during infectious insult of the lungs, as in the case of pneumonia, that the age-related differences in responsiveness and endurance become obvious and lead to a worse outcome than in the younger population. This review points to the neutrophil, and the endothelium as important players in understanding age-associated changes in responsiveness to infectious challenge of the lung. It also addresses how the immunological set-point influences injury-repair phases, remote organ damage and how intake of drugs may alter the state of responsiveness in the users. Further, it points out the importance of considering age as a factor in inclusion criteria in clinical trials, in vitro/ex vivo experimental designs and overall interpretation of results.