Capital and income breeding as alternative tactics of resource use in reproduction
Capital and income breeding as alternative tactics of resource use in reproduction
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DOI：
10.2307/3545800
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发表时间：
1997-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jonsson, KI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonsson, KI
为了补偿繁殖的资源需求，生物体通常会增加可用的食物资源总量。这可以通过不同的资源利用策略来实现，其中也包括觅食决策。本文在资本培育和收益培育的概念下讨论了两种一般策略。这些定义主要是从资源获取相对于资源使用的时间分布。一个资本繁殖者预先获得它的资源，并将它们内生地或外生地储存起来，直到需要它们来供应后代生产的各个方面。另一方面，一个有收入的繁殖者在繁殖的同时调整它的食物摄入量，而不依赖于储备。在一个完全可预测的环境中，没有有限的资源，收入育种是最好的选择，因为资本育种者可能不得不为他们储存的资源支付一些能量和人口成本。然而，在不可预测的食物条件下，食物/时间限制和风险觅食条件下，资本育种提供了许多好处。资本和收入育种引起的成本计算系统（育种前或育种后成本）将在很大程度上影响这些充满活力的策略发展的机会。虽然资本和收入育种者可能会经历前和后育种成本，资本育种者可能会更多地暴露于前育种成本，由于捕食与收购和运输商店。
In order to compensate for the resource demands of reproduction, organisms usually increase the amount of total food resources available. This may be achieved by different tactics of resource use that also include foraging decisions. Two such general tactics are discussed in this paper under the concepts of capital and income breeding. These are defined mainly from the temporal distribution of resource acquisition relative to resource use. A capital breeder acquires its resources in advance and store them endogenously or exogenously until they are needed to supply aspects of offspring production. An income breeder, on the other hand, adjusts its food intake concurrently with breeding, without reliance on stores. In a perfectly predictable environment without limited resources, income breeding is the best option since capital breeders may have to pay a number of energetic and demographic costs for their stored resources. However, under unpredictable food conditions, food/time limitations, and risky foraging conditions, capital breeding offers many benefits. The costing systems (pre- or postbreeding costs) induced by capital and income breeding will largely influence the opportunity for these energetic tactics to evolve. While capital and income breeders may potentially experience both pre- and postbreeding costs, capital breeders may be more exposed to prebreeding costs due to predation in connection with acquisition and carriage of stores.