Where is mTOR and what is it doing there?

Where is mTOR and what is it doing there?
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201306041
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发表时间:
2013-11-25
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hall MN
Hall MN
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Betz C;Hall MN

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雷帕霉素靶蛋白(TOR)形成两种保守的、结构不同的激酶复合物,称为TOR复合物1(TORC 1)和TORC 2。每个复合物磷酸化一组不同的底物来调节细胞生长。在哺乳动物中,mTOR受到营养素和生长因子的刺激,并受到压力的抑制,以确保细胞仅在有利条件下生长。在不同生物体中的研究已经报道了TOR定位于几个不同的亚细胞区室。值得注意的是,mTORC1定位于溶酶体的发现显着增强了我们对mTORC1调控的理解。亚细胞定位可能是TOR用来制定精确的空间和时间控制细胞生长的一般原则。
Target of rapamycin (TOR) forms two conserved, structurally distinct kinase complexes termed TOR complex 1 (TORC1) and TORC2. Each complex phosphorylates a different set of substrates to regulate cell growth. In mammals, mTOR is stimulated by nutrients and growth factors and inhibited by stress to ensure that cells grow only during favorable conditions. Studies in different organisms have reported localization of TOR to several distinct subcellular compartments. Notably, the finding that mTORC1 is localized to the lysosome has significantly enhanced our understanding of mTORC1 regulation. Subcellular localization may be a general principle used by TOR to enact precise spatial and temporal control of cell growth.
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