Biosecurity: reducing disease risks to pig breeding herds
Biosecurity: reducing disease risks to pig breeding herds
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生物安全：降低生猪种猪群的疾病风险
DOI：
10.1136/inpract.27.5.230
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
J. Waddilove
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Pritchard;Ian Dennis;J. Waddilove
疾病对畜牧业的生产力和盈利能力施加了相当大的限制。在过去30年里，养猪业可能比其他行业遭受了一系列传染病爆发的破坏性影响。其中许多是高度传染性的病毒性疾病，包括传染性胃肠炎（TGE）、猪流感（SI）、Aujeszky病（AD）和猪呼吸和生殖综合征（PRRS）。断奶后多系统衰竭综合征（PMWS）与猪圆环病毒（PCV-2）感染有关，已对英国和其他地方养猪业的生存构成挑战。即使是长期存在的地方病，如地方性肺炎（EP）和猪痢疾（SD），如果引入到未感染的畜群中，仍然会造成重大损失。最近在英国再次出现的猪瘟（CSF）和口蹄疫（FMD）及时提醒人们，在国家和畜群层面的疾病预防计划中没有自满的地方。生物安全的概念在口蹄疫流行期间在英国获得了突出地位，包括旨在预防疾病的全部措施。事实上，这是英国政府动物健康和福利战略的基石之一，该战略旨在促进畜牧业的生物安全，而过去并不总是给予高度优先考虑。本文综述了猪群中最重要的疾病来源，以及农场生物安全方面需要考虑的关键领域。
DISEASE imposes considerable constraints on the productivity and profitability of the livestock industry. Pig producers have probably suffered more than other sectors from the devastating effects of a succession of infectious disease outbreaks over the past 30 years. Many of these have been highly contagious viral diseases, including transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), swine influenza (SI), Aujeszky's disease (AD), and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS). Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which is linked to porcine circovirus (PCV-2) infection, has challenged the very survival of the pig industry in Britain and elsewhere. Even long established endemic diseases, such as enzootic pneumonia (EP) and swine dysentery (SD), still cause significant losses if introduced into naive herds. The recent reappearances of classical swine fever (CSF) and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Britain were timely reminders that there is no place for complacency in disease prevention programmes at both national and herd level. The concept of biosecurity, which gained prominence in Britain during the FMD epidemic, encompasses the full range of measures aimed at disease prevention. In fact, it is one of the cornerstones of the Government's Animal Health and Welfare Strategy for Great Britain, which aims to promote biosecurity to a livestock industry that, in the past, has not always given it high priority. This article reviews the most important sources of disease on pig units — and, thus, the key areas for consideration in terms of farm biosecurity.