Psychiatry of somatic diseases: epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification.
Psychiatry of somatic diseases: epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification.
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躯体疾病精神病学：流行病学、发病机制、分类。
DOI：
10.1016/0010-440x(75)90056-5
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发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Z. J. Lipowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Z. J. Lipowski
生理疾病是精神疾病的主要原因。这一说法得到了流行病学调查和无数临床研究的支持，这些研究记录了躯体疾病的因果作用及其在并发精神疾病中的治疗。然而，尽管这种关联的高频率和实际重要性，与身体疾病相关的整个精神病理学领域相对被美国精神病学家所忽视。总的来说，我们对器质性疾病引起的精神疾病的发病率和流行率知之甚少，特别是各种类型的躯体疾病。精神障碍的官方分类在治疗与脑和全身性疾病有因果关系的精神综合症方面是不充分和混乱的。在精神病理发生领域中，某种生理障碍或损伤与心理功能障碍之间的机制、过程和重要变量尚未得到充分的研究。这一领域的各种解释概念和假设不整合，相关术语含糊不清、重叠。结果，精神病学这方面的教学通常很差，研究滞后，病人护理受到影响。作者回顾了有关精神疾病和躯体疾病关联的流行病学资料，阐述了精神发病机制，调查了对疾病和损伤的心理反应的决定因素和模式，并提出了相关精神综合征的分类。这是一种整合大量数据的尝试。
Physical illness is a major cause of psychiatric morbidity. This statement is supported both by epidemiological surveys and by countless clinical studies documenting the causal role of somatic diseases and their treatment in concurrent psychiatric disorders. Despite the high frequency and practical importance of this association, however, the whole area of psychopathology related to physical illness has been relatively neglected by American psychiatrists. We know little about the incidence and prevalence of psychiatric disorders caused by organic disease in general and by the various classes of somatic disorders in particular. The official classification of mental disorders is inadequate and muddled in its treatment of psychiatric syndromes causally related to cerebral and systemic diseases.1The mechanisms, processes and significant variables intervening between a given physical disorder or injury on the one hand, and the development of psychological dysfunction on the other, that are the domain of psychopathogenesis, are still inadequately worked out. The various explanatory concepts and hypotheses in this area are not integrated, and the relevant terminology is ambiguous and overlapping. As a result, teaching of this aspect of psychiatry is generally poor, research lags, and patient care suffers.The writer reviews epidemiological data on the association of psychiatric and physical illness, formulates psychopathogenesis, surveys the determinants and modes of psychological responses to disease and injury, and presents a classification of the related psychiatric syndromes. It is an attempt at integration of a large body of data.