Variable selection in double/debiased machine learning for causal inference: an outcome-adaptive approach

Variable selection in double/debiased machine learning for causal inference: an outcome-adaptive approach
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用于因果推理的双重/去偏机器学习中的变量选择:一种结果自适应方法

DOI:
10.1080/03610918.2021.2001655
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shintani Mototsugu
Shintani Mototsugu
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kabata Daijiro;Shintani Mototsugu

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近年来,对高维数据的访问使得机器学习在因果推理中的使用变得更加普遍。治疗效果的双/去偏机器学习(DML)估计器旨在使用机器学习方法估计治疗和结局方程中的滋扰函数时获得有效推断。然而,当治疗方程中的某些协变量未出现在结局方程中时,在倾向评分估计中纳入此类协变量将导致DML估计量的偏倚和方差增加。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一个结果自适应的DML估计,它结合了结果自适应套索的变量选择的倾向得分估计。我们使用Monte Carlo模拟评估所提出的方法的性能。结果表明,我们提出的方法在许多情况下优于其他方法。
Access to high-dimensional data has made the use of machine learning in causal inference more common in recent years. The double/debiased machine learning (DML) estimator for the treatment effect is designed to obtain a valid inference when nuisance functions in the treatment and outcome equations, are estimated using machine learning methods. However, when some covariates in the treatment equation do not appear in the outcome equation, the inclusion of such covariates in the propensity score estimation will result in the increasing bias and variance of the DML estimator. To solve this issue, we introduce an outcome-adaptive DML estimator, which incorporates the outcome-adaptive lasso for the variable selection in the propensity score estimation. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method using Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that our proposed method in many cases outperforms other methods.
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