Investigating Strength and Frequency Effects in Recognition Memory Using Type-2 Signal Detection Theory
Investigating Strength and Frequency Effects in Recognition Memory Using Type-2 Signal Detection Theory
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DOI：
10.1037/a0013865
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bruno, Davide
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higham, Philip A.;Perfect, Timothy J.;Bruno, Davide
采用2型信号检测受试者工作特征（ROC）分析研究了再认记忆中频率和强度效应的标准与分布偏移帐户，该分析提供了元认知监测的测量。实验1显示了基于频率的镜像效应，与高频词相比，低频词具有更高的命中率和更低的误报率。在实验2中，作者操纵项目强度与重复，这表明增加了命中率，但对误报率没有影响。而类型-1指数是模糊的，这些影响是否是基于标准或分布转移模型，这两个模型预测相反的影响类型-2分心监测在某些假设下。因此，2型ROC分析区分了单独使用1型指数无法区分的潜在识别模型。在实验3中，作者通过改变旧反应类别与新反应类别的数量来操纵1型反应偏差，以证实实验1和2中的假设。作者得出结论，当与更传统的1型分析结合使用时，2型分析是研究再认记忆的有用工具。
Criterion- versus distribution-shift accounts of frequency and strength effects in recognition memory were investigated with Type-2 signal detection receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, which provides a measure of metacognitive monitoring. Experiment 1 demonstrated a frequency-based mirror effect, with a higher hit rate and lower false alarm rate, for low frequency words compared with high frequency words. In Experiment 2, the authors manipulated item strength with repetition, which showed an increased hit rate but no effect on the false alarm rate. Whereas Type-1 indices were ambiguous as to whether these effects were based on a criterion- or distribution-shift model, the two models predict opposite effects on Type-2 distractor monitoring under some assumptions. Hence, Type-2 ROC analysis discriminated between potential models of recognition that could not be discriminated using Type-1 indices alone. In Experiment 3, the authors manipulated Type-1 response bias by varying the number of old versus new response categories to confirm the assumptions made in Experiments 1 and 2. The authors conclude that Type-2 analyses are a useful tool for investigating recognition memory when used in conjunction with more traditional Type-1 analyses.