New prostate MRI techniques and sequences
New prostate MRI techniques and sequences
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DOI：
10.1007/s00261-020-02504-8
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发表时间：
2020-04-04
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Oto, Aytekin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatterjee, Aritrick;Harmath, Carla;Oto, Aytekin
前列腺MRI近年来受到越来越多的关注，并导致了新的MRI技术和序列的发展，以提高前列腺癌（PCa）的诊断，在本文中进行了综述。许多研究都集中在提高图像质量（分段DWI）和更快的采集（压缩感知，k-t-SENSE，PROPELLER）。越来越多的研究开发了新的定量和计算机辅助诊断方法，包括人工智能（PROSTATEx挑战），减轻了mpMRI解释的主观性。MR指纹识别允许快速、同时生成多种物理特性（T1、T2）的定量图谱，其中PCa的特征在于较低的T1和T2值。新的技术，如管腔水成像（LWI），限制光谱成像（RSI），VERDICT和混合多维MRI（HM-MRI）已被开发用于微结构成像，提供类似于组织学的信息。组织成分的不同MR特性及其随癌症存在的变化用于诊断前列腺癌。LWI是一种基于T2的成像技术，其中对应于管腔水的长T2分量在PCa中减少。RSI和VERDICT是基于扩散的技术，其中PCa的特征分别是由于细胞结构增加而导致的来自细胞内受限水的信号增加和细胞内体积分数增加。VERDICT还显示由于腺体结构的丧失，PCa中细胞外-血管外空间的丧失。HM-MRI测量前列腺组织成分的体积，其中PCa具有减少的管腔和基质以及增加的上皮体积，类似于组织学中显示的结果。类似地，已经利用了使用超极化C-13成像的分子成像。
Prostate MRI has seen increasing interest in recent years and has led to the development of new MRI techniques and sequences to improve prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis which are reviewed in this article. Numerous studies have focused on improving image quality (segmented DWI) and faster acquisition (compressed sensing, k-t-SENSE, PROPELLER). An increasing number of studies have developed new quantitative and computer-aided diagnosis methods including artificial intelligence (PROSTATEx challenge) that mitigate the subjective nature of mpMRI interpretation. MR fingerprinting allows rapid, simultaneous generation of quantitative maps of multiple physical properties (T1, T2), where PCa are characterized by lower T1 and T2 values. New techniques like luminal water imaging (LWI), restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), VERDICT and hybrid multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI) have been developed for microstructure imaging, which provide information similar to histology. The distinct MR properties of tissue components and their change with the presence of cancer is used to diagnose prostate cancer. LWI is a T2-based imaging technique where long T2-component corresponding to luminal water is reduced in PCa. RSI and VERDICT are diffusion-based techniques where PCa is characterized by increased signal from intra-cellular restricted water and increased intracellular volume fraction, respectively, due to increased cellularity. VERDICT also reveal loss of extracellular-extravascular space in PCa due to loss of glandular structure. HM-MRI measures volumes of prostate tissue components, where PCa has reduced lumen and stromal and increased epithelium volume similar to results shown in histology. Similarly, molecular imaging using hyperpolarized C-13 imaging has been utilized.